Table 2 Overview of health behaviors and...

Table 2

Overview of health behaviors and satisfaction per patient segment

Proactives	Searchers
Ex-clinic behaviors Proactive health behaviors: “I eat well and exercise. My mum is very health conscious and gives me tips and products!” Louise (F, 18) Active information search: “I use keywords and look at the results, and then I review everything, and look for what we might related and factual or if there are some inaccuracies.” (Kerstin, F, 73) Trusts medication: “I do [trust medication]. Otherwise, we would not have the life expectancy we have today. But generally, we use drugs too often.” (Lisa, F, 28) Conditional adherence: “I might buy the prescribed drug and never use them. It's happened a couple of times.” (Kerstin, F, 73) Peer support if benefits: “… I feel I can solve things myself … I rather talk to my family.” (Lars, M, 51) “Mm, yes, I might consider that … to find out if there are alternatives, if you are operated on, which alternative is most advantageous.” (Stina, F, 44) In-clinic behaviors Contacts healthcare only if necessary: “I wait. It depends on the illness.” (Carina, F, 46) High involvement: “Yes, I want to be involved and to take decisions … I want to know all alternatives, so that I can be involved to think and express my view.” (Stina, F, 44) Satisfaction with services Largely satisfied: “It's available, close and always open, so I'm satisfied.” (Kerstin, F, 73) Prioritizes availability: “… fast [contact] and to get an appointment is very important. It could be enough with just a 15-min visit.” (Lisa, F, 28) Changes provider or looks for second opinion: “For the first time I've received an x-ray. This is my third primary care center.” (Lisa, F, 28)	Ex-clinic behaviors Anxiety over heath: “… I do absolutely feel worried if I experience a symptom and think of what it might be … It causes both concentration problems, and I may also become distracted [at work].” (Erik, M, 31) Active information search: “I am very good at that [laughs] … I want to have like 78 different sources of information on the internet [ …]. But I also have a very critical view on what I read.” (Erik, M, 31) Scepticisms towards medications, positive to alternatives: “I think people take too much, it would be possible to avoid a lot of medications.” (Eva, F, 58) “I think alternative medicine is something we need to give more respect.” (Maryam, F, 61) Conditional adherence: “It depends. I had gastritis a while ago and got some medicine … but I did not feel well on it and then I quit of course.” (Eva, F, 58) Peer support for emotional support: “I'd love it. […] others that have not experienced it do not understand as well” In-clinic behaviors Contacts healthcare quickly (or avoids): “No I never wait, I call directly. Because you never know what it might be”. (Betty, F, 18) High involvement: “Of course I want to be involved in it, much, much more than anybody else. I think healthcare has to show respect for the patient's view.” (Maryam, F, 61) Satisfaction with services Dissatisfaction due to lack of personal connection: “Some doctors seem to put a diagnosis before they have listened to what you have to say.” (Erik, M, 31) Distrust: “… when I have mammography, sometimes I pray to God that I will not get cancer, since I will not get the treatment, it takes a lot of time.” (Bahareh, F, 51)

Proactives	Searchers
Ex-clinic behaviorsProactive health behaviors: “I eat well and exercise. My mum is very health conscious and gives me tips and products!” Louise (F, 18)Active information search: “I use keywords and look at the results, and then I review everything, and look for what we might related and factual or if there are some inaccuracies.” (Kerstin, F, 73)Trusts medication: “I do [trust medication]. Otherwise, we would not have the life expectancy we have today. But generally, we use drugs too often.” (Lisa, F, 28)Conditional adherence: “I might buy the prescribed drug and never use them. It's happened a couple of times.” (Kerstin, F, 73)Peer support if benefits: “… I feel I can solve things myself … I rather talk to my family.” (Lars, M, 51)“Mm, yes, I might consider that … to find out if there are alternatives, if you are operated on, which alternative is most advantageous.” (Stina, F, 44)In-clinic behaviorsContacts healthcare only if necessary: “I wait. It depends on the illness.” (Carina, F, 46)High involvement: “Yes, I want to be involved and to take decisions … I want to know all alternatives, so that I can be involved to think and express my view.” (Stina, F, 44)Satisfaction with servicesLargely satisfied: “It's available, close and always open, so I'm satisfied.” (Kerstin, F, 73)Prioritizes availability: “… fast [contact] and to get an appointment is very important. It could be enough with just a 15-min visit.” (Lisa, F, 28)Changes provider or looks for second opinion: “For the first time I've received an x-ray. This is my third primary care center.” (Lisa, F, 28)	Ex-clinic behaviorsAnxiety over heath: “… I do absolutely feel worried if I experience a symptom and think of what it might be … It causes both concentration problems, and I may also become distracted [at work].” (Erik, M, 31)Active information search: “I am very good at that [laughs] … I want to have like 78 different sources of information on the internet [ …]. But I also have a very critical view on what I read.” (Erik, M, 31)Scepticisms towards medications, positive to alternatives: “I think people take too much, it would be possible to avoid a lot of medications.” (Eva, F, 58)“I think alternative medicine is something we need to give more respect.” (Maryam, F, 61)Conditional adherence: “It depends. I had gastritis a while ago and got some medicine … but I did not feel well on it and then I quit of course.” (Eva, F, 58)Peer support for emotional support: “I'd love it. […] others that have not experienced it do not understand as well”In-clinic behaviorsContacts healthcare quickly (or avoids): “No I never wait, I call directly. Because you never know what it might be”. (Betty, F, 18)High involvement: “Of course I want to be involved in it, much, much more than anybody else. I think healthcare has to show respect for the patient's view.” (Maryam, F, 61)Satisfaction with servicesDissatisfaction due to lack of personal connection: “Some doctors seem to put a diagnosis before they have listened to what you have to say.” (Erik, M, 31)Distrust: “… when I have mammography, sometimes I pray to God that I will not get cancer, since I will not get the treatment, it takes a lot of time.” (Bahareh, F, 51)

Proactives

Searchers

Ex-clinic behaviorsProactive health behaviors: “I eat well and exercise. My mum is very health conscious and gives me tips and products!” Louise (F, 18)Active information search: “I use keywords and look at the results, and then I review everything, and look for what we might related and factual or if there are some inaccuracies.” (Kerstin, F, 73)Trusts medication: “I do [trust medication]. Otherwise, we would not have the life expectancy we have today. But generally, we use drugs too often.” (Lisa, F, 28)Conditional adherence: “I might buy the prescribed drug and never use them. It's happened a couple of times.” (Kerstin, F, 73)Peer support if benefits: “… I feel I can solve things myself … I rather talk to my family.” (Lars, M, 51)“Mm, yes, I might consider that … to find out if there are alternatives, if you are operated on, which alternative is most advantageous.” (Stina, F, 44)In-clinic behaviorsContacts healthcare only if necessary: “I wait. It depends on the illness.” (Carina, F, 46)High involvement: “Yes, I want to be involved and to take decisions … I want to know all alternatives, so that I can be involved to think and express my view.” (Stina, F, 44)Satisfaction with servicesLargely satisfied: “It's available, close and always open, so I'm satisfied.” (Kerstin, F, 73)Prioritizes availability: “… fast [contact] and to get an appointment is very important. It could be enough with just a 15-min visit.” (Lisa, F, 28)Changes provider or looks for second opinion: “For the first time I've received an x-ray. This is my third primary care center.” (Lisa, F, 28)

Ex-clinic behaviorsAnxiety over heath: “… I do absolutely feel worried if I experience a symptom and think of what it might be … It causes both concentration problems, and I may also become distracted [at work].” (Erik, M, 31)Active information search: “I am very good at that [laughs] … I want to have like 78 different sources of information on the internet [ …]. But I also have a very critical view on what I read.” (Erik, M, 31)Scepticisms towards medications, positive to alternatives: “I think people take too much, it would be possible to avoid a lot of medications.” (Eva, F, 58)“I think alternative medicine is something we need to give more respect.” (Maryam, F, 61)Conditional adherence: “It depends. I had gastritis a while ago and got some medicine … but I did not feel well on it and then I quit of course.” (Eva, F, 58)Peer support for emotional support: “I'd love it. […] others that have not experienced it do not understand as well”In-clinic behaviorsContacts healthcare quickly (or avoids): “No I never wait, I call directly. Because you never know what it might be”. (Betty, F, 18)High involvement: “Of course I want to be involved in it, much, much more than anybody else. I think healthcare has to show respect for the patient's view.” (Maryam, F, 61)Satisfaction with servicesDissatisfaction due to lack of personal connection: “Some doctors seem to put a diagnosis before they have listened to what you have to say.” (Erik, M, 31)Distrust: “… when I have mammography, sometimes I pray to God that I will not get cancer, since I will not get the treatment, it takes a lot of time.” (Bahareh, F, 51)

Traditionalists	Vulnerables
Ex-clinic behaviors Unconcerned attitude: “No, I'm not like that as a person that worry and stuff. Not even now that I have had huge problems with the stomach, and they keep looking for what it is. Then I think, ‘it is what it is.’” (Aliya, F, 23) Limited proactive health behaviors: “My kids are yelling at me I weigh too much and that I keep eating wrong, and too much sugar and exercise too little and so.” (Olov, M, 59) Limited information search: “I am who I am, and my health is what it is, so I do not care [to search for information].” (Gerd, 83) Trusts medication: “I'm pretty positive about medications … I think they do more good than harm.” (Olov, M, 58) Distrusts alternative medicine: “It is just humbug. And they'll make lots of money on a lot of crap.” (Gerd, F, 83) Adheres to treatment: “What the doctors prescribe, you have to take.” (Farid, M, 76) Limited interest in peer support: “No more dinosaurs!” (Evert, 83) In-clinic behaviors Seeks help only if necessary: “I do not call, one should tolerate a little bit. I had pneumonia last fall and they told me, ‘You have to go to the doctor!’ ‘No,’ I said, ‘what will they do?’ I'm waiting for the appointment I already have.” (Gerd, F, 83) Lower level of involvement: “The doctor has the last word, if you trust him.” (Farid, M, 76) Satisfaction with services Largely satisfied: “I feel welcome, and I trust my doctor.” (Lisbeth, F, 81) Accepting limitations: “I whine sometimes when they do not do what they should, but I trust them.” (Torsten, M, 87)	Ex-clinic behaviors Fatalistic and pessimistic attitude: “There are no guarantees. You hear about people who exercise, eat well, and do everything right, and it still goes bad.” (Anna, F, 73) Limited proactivity: “I try but sometimes it does not work … I do not know, but I think that sometimes it is just not possible.” (ELisa, F, 80) Limited information search: “Maybe Google a little bit on what to eat and what others think. But not much of that.” (Anna, F, 73) Lack of sense of competence: “I'm not very outgoing and so I find it hard to get started on the things I need to do and would probably isolate myself and stuff. I am quite ill-equipped, I think.” (Anna, F, 73) Disinterest in peer support: “I do not think [I would be interested]. It depends on the subject. It is a very difficult question.” (ELisa, F, 80) In-clinic behaviors Stress in clinical settings: “I am terrified of hospitals; I avoid them as long as I can. I am very afraid of getting anything unpleasant, I really am.” (Anna, F, 73) Limited involvement: “It is good to get information because there are some things that ordinary people cannot [understand] … we who are not educated in healthcare, we do not know much, and it is better to get the information.” (ELisa, F, 80) Desire support: “It feels good when you notice that someone cares, and not just hands out pills.” (ELisa, F, 80) Satisfaction Pronounced dissatisfaction: “I do not like them here … I just want a doctor I can talk to.” (Stefanie, F, 38) “I think you always get pretty treated badly by the doctor; [they] always gets angry and annoyed when I have been there and do not think you get that much help.” (Anna, F, 73)

Traditionalists	Vulnerables
Ex-clinic behaviorsUnconcerned attitude: “No, I'm not like that as a person that worry and stuff. Not even now that I have had huge problems with the stomach, and they keep looking for what it is. Then I think, ‘it is what it is.’” (Aliya, F, 23)Limited proactive health behaviors: “My kids are yelling at me I weigh too much and that I keep eating wrong, and too much sugar and exercise too little and so.” (Olov, M, 59)Limited information search: “I am who I am, and my health is what it is, so I do not care [to search for information].” (Gerd, 83)Trusts medication: “I'm pretty positive about medications … I think they do more good than harm.” (Olov, M, 58)Distrusts alternative medicine: “It is just humbug. And they'll make lots of money on a lot of crap.” (Gerd, F, 83)Adheres to treatment: “What the doctors prescribe, you have to take.” (Farid, M, 76)Limited interest in peer support: “No more dinosaurs!” (Evert, 83)In-clinic behaviorsSeeks help only if necessary: “I do not call, one should tolerate a little bit. I had pneumonia last fall and they told me, ‘You have to go to the doctor!’ ‘No,’ I said, ‘what will they do?’ I'm waiting for the appointment I already have.” (Gerd, F, 83)Lower level of involvement: “The doctor has the last word, if you trust him.” (Farid, M, 76)Satisfaction with servicesLargely satisfied: “I feel welcome, and I trust my doctor.” (Lisbeth, F, 81)Accepting limitations: “I whine sometimes when they do not do what they should, but I trust them.” (Torsten, M, 87)	Ex-clinic behaviorsFatalistic and pessimistic attitude: “There are no guarantees. You hear about people who exercise, eat well, and do everything right, and it still goes bad.” (Anna, F, 73)Limited proactivity: “I try but sometimes it does not work … I do not know, but I think that sometimes it is just not possible.” (ELisa, F, 80)Limited information search: “Maybe Google a little bit on what to eat and what others think. But not much of that.” (Anna, F, 73)Lack of sense of competence: “I'm not very outgoing and so I find it hard to get started on the things I need to do and would probably isolate myself and stuff. I am quite ill-equipped, I think.” (Anna, F, 73)Disinterest in peer support: “I do not think [I would be interested]. It depends on the subject. It is a very difficult question.” (ELisa, F, 80)In-clinic behaviorsStress in clinical settings: “I am terrified of hospitals; I avoid them as long as I can. I am very afraid of getting anything unpleasant, I really am.” (Anna, F, 73)Limited involvement: “It is good to get information because there are some things that ordinary people cannot [understand] … we who are not educated in healthcare, we do not know much, and it is better to get the information.” (ELisa, F, 80)Desire support: “It feels good when you notice that someone cares, and not just hands out pills.” (ELisa, F, 80)SatisfactionPronounced dissatisfaction: “I do not like them here … I just want a doctor I can talk to.” (Stefanie, F, 38)“I think you always get pretty treated badly by the doctor; [they] always gets angry and annoyed when I have been there and do not think you get that much help.” (Anna, F, 73)

Traditionalists

Vulnerables

Ex-clinic behaviorsUnconcerned attitude: “No, I'm not like that as a person that worry and stuff. Not even now that I have had huge problems with the stomach, and they keep looking for what it is. Then I think, ‘it is what it is.’” (Aliya, F, 23)Limited proactive health behaviors: “My kids are yelling at me I weigh too much and that I keep eating wrong, and too much sugar and exercise too little and so.” (Olov, M, 59)Limited information search: “I am who I am, and my health is what it is, so I do not care [to search for information].” (Gerd, 83)Trusts medication: “I'm pretty positive about medications … I think they do more good than harm.” (Olov, M, 58)Distrusts alternative medicine: “It is just humbug. And they'll make lots of money on a lot of crap.” (Gerd, F, 83)Adheres to treatment: “What the doctors prescribe, you have to take.” (Farid, M, 76)Limited interest in peer support: “No more dinosaurs!” (Evert, 83)In-clinic behaviorsSeeks help only if necessary: “I do not call, one should tolerate a little bit. I had pneumonia last fall and they told me, ‘You have to go to the doctor!’ ‘No,’ I said, ‘what will they do?’ I'm waiting for the appointment I already have.” (Gerd, F, 83)Lower level of involvement: “The doctor has the last word, if you trust him.” (Farid, M, 76)Satisfaction with servicesLargely satisfied: “I feel welcome, and I trust my doctor.” (Lisbeth, F, 81)Accepting limitations: “I whine sometimes when they do not do what they should, but I trust them.” (Torsten, M, 87)

Ex-clinic behaviorsFatalistic and pessimistic attitude: “There are no guarantees. You hear about people who exercise, eat well, and do everything right, and it still goes bad.” (Anna, F, 73)Limited proactivity: “I try but sometimes it does not work … I do not know, but I think that sometimes it is just not possible.” (ELisa, F, 80)Limited information search: “Maybe Google a little bit on what to eat and what others think. But not much of that.” (Anna, F, 73)Lack of sense of competence: “I'm not very outgoing and so I find it hard to get started on the things I need to do and would probably isolate myself and stuff. I am quite ill-equipped, I think.” (Anna, F, 73)Disinterest in peer support: “I do not think [I would be interested]. It depends on the subject. It is a very difficult question.” (ELisa, F, 80)In-clinic behaviorsStress in clinical settings: “I am terrified of hospitals; I avoid them as long as I can. I am very afraid of getting anything unpleasant, I really am.” (Anna, F, 73)Limited involvement: “It is good to get information because there are some things that ordinary people cannot [understand] … we who are not educated in healthcare, we do not know much, and it is better to get the information.” (ELisa, F, 80)Desire support: “It feels good when you notice that someone cares, and not just hands out pills.” (ELisa, F, 80)SatisfactionPronounced dissatisfaction: “I do not like them here … I just want a doctor I can talk to.” (Stefanie, F, 38)“I think you always get pretty treated badly by the doctor; [they] always gets angry and annoyed when I have been there and do not think you get that much help.” (Anna, F, 73)

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