Overview of research on engagement
| Study | Research focus | Research method | Research setting | Hedonic vs utilitarian service | High vs low engagement |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bowden (2009) | Propose a customer engagement framework for service brands | Conceptual | General with respect to service brands | Hedonic | n/a |
| Breidbach et al. (2014) | Study the role of engagement platforms for value co-creation, the performance of service and ecosystems, and managing service quality | Conceptual and exploratory (case study) | Online engagement platforms | Hedonic and utilitarian | High |
| Brodie et al. (2011) | Explore theoretical foundations of customer engagement and derive fundamental propositions to distinguish it from other concepts | Conceptual | n/a | n/a | High and low |
| Calder et al. (2009) | Study how engagement with online media increases advertising effectiveness | Conceptual and empirical (experiment, causal) | Online advertising | Hedonic (empirical application) and utilitarian | High |
| Groeger et al. (2016) | Propose the concept of non-paying consumer (e.g., receiving free trials) engagement behaviors and how they might be leveraged to create firm value | Conceptual and empirical (field study, correlational) | Consumer brands in the food industry | Hedonic | High |
| Harmeling et al. (2017) | Conceptualize customer engagement marketing and test the framework's predictions in a supermarket setting | Conceptual and empirical (survey, correlational) | Empirical application: supermarket | Hedonic | n/a |
| Hollebeek (2011) | Conceptualize customer brand engagement | Conceptual and empirical (in-depth interviews) | Various consumer goods | Hedonic | High |
| Hollebeek (2013) | Conceptualize how customer engagement contributes to customer value | Conceptual and empirical (in-depth interviews) | Various consumer goods | Hedonic and utilitarian | High |
| Hollebeek et al. (2014) | Conceptualize, develop, and validate a scale for consumer brand engagement in social media | Conceptual and empirical (survey, correlational) | Social media | Hedonic | High |
| Hollebeek and Macky (2019) | Conceptualize the relationship of digital content marketing (DCM) with cognitive, emotional, and behavioral engagement | Conceptual | Digital content marketing | Hedonic and utilitarian | n/a |
| Jaakkola and Alexander (2014) | Conceptualize the role of customer engagement behavior in value co-creation | Conceptual and empirical (in-depth interviews) | Public transport service system | Hedonic | n/a |
| Kumar et al. (2010) | Propose that customer engagement value comprises purchase behavior, referral of new customers, behavior to influence other customers, and value added to the firm by feedback | Conceptual | General | n/a | n/a |
| Kumar and Pansari (2016) | Develop an engagement framework, with focal constructs of customer engagement and employee engagement, and validate framework | Conceptual and empirical (survey, correlational) | Manufacturing and service firms | n/a | High and low |
| Kumar et al. (2019) | Develop a framework to facilitate customer engagement in service | Conceptual and empirical (in-depth interviews) | Service firms | n/a | n/a |
| Lehmann et al. (2012) | Develop models of user engagement with online services and establish relations between engagement metrics | Empirical (correlational) | Online services (web pages) | n/a | High |
| van Doorn et al. (2010) | Develop and discuss the concept of customer engagement behaviors | Conceptual | General | n/a | n/a |
| Verleye et al. (2014) | Propose and test theoretical model of managerial and psychological processes to encourage customer engagement behaviors that are embedded in a broader network of customers and stakeholders | Conceptual and empirical (survey, correlational) | Nursing home sector | Utilitarian | High |
| Vivek et al. (2012) | Explore the nature and scope of customer engagement as a component of relationship marketing | Conceptual | General | n/a | n/a |
| This study | Establish a conceptual model and calibrate it with empirical data for engagement in retirement planning | Conceptual and empirical (field survey) | Retirement planning | Utilitarian | Low |
| Study | Research focus | Research method | Research setting | Hedonic vs utilitarian service | High vs low engagement |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Propose a customer engagement framework for service brands | Conceptual | General with respect to service brands | Hedonic | n/a | |
| Study the role of engagement platforms for value co-creation, the performance of service and ecosystems, and managing service quality | Conceptual and exploratory (case study) | Online engagement platforms | Hedonic and utilitarian | High | |
| Explore theoretical foundations of customer engagement and derive fundamental propositions to distinguish it from other concepts | Conceptual | n/a | n/a | High and low | |
| Study how engagement with online media increases advertising effectiveness | Conceptual and empirical (experiment, causal) | Online advertising | Hedonic (empirical application) and utilitarian | High | |
| Propose the concept of non-paying consumer (e.g., receiving free trials) engagement behaviors and how they might be leveraged to create firm value | Conceptual and empirical (field study, correlational) | Consumer brands in the food industry | Hedonic | High | |
| Conceptualize customer engagement marketing and test the framework's predictions in a supermarket setting | Conceptual and empirical (survey, correlational) | Empirical application: supermarket | Hedonic | n/a | |
| Conceptualize customer brand engagement | Conceptual and empirical (in-depth interviews) | Various consumer goods | Hedonic | High | |
| Conceptualize how customer engagement contributes to customer value | Conceptual and empirical (in-depth interviews) | Various consumer goods | Hedonic and utilitarian | High | |
| Conceptualize, develop, and validate a scale for consumer brand engagement in social media | Conceptual and empirical (survey, correlational) | Social media | Hedonic | High | |
| Conceptualize the relationship of digital content marketing (DCM) with cognitive, emotional, and behavioral engagement | Conceptual | Digital content marketing | Hedonic and utilitarian | n/a | |
| Conceptualize the role of customer engagement behavior in value co-creation | Conceptual and empirical (in-depth interviews) | Public transport service system | Hedonic | n/a | |
| Propose that customer engagement value comprises purchase behavior, referral of new customers, behavior to influence other customers, and value added to the firm by feedback | Conceptual | General | n/a | n/a | |
| Develop an engagement framework, with focal constructs of customer engagement and employee engagement, and validate framework | Conceptual and empirical (survey, correlational) | Manufacturing and service firms | n/a | High and low | |
| Develop a framework to facilitate customer engagement in service | Conceptual and empirical (in-depth interviews) | Service firms | n/a | n/a | |
| Develop models of user engagement with online services and establish relations between engagement metrics | Empirical (correlational) | Online services (web pages) | n/a | High | |
| Develop and discuss the concept of customer engagement behaviors | Conceptual | General | n/a | n/a | |
| Propose and test theoretical model of managerial and psychological processes to encourage customer engagement behaviors that are embedded in a broader network of customers and stakeholders | Conceptual and empirical (survey, correlational) | Nursing home sector | Utilitarian | High | |
| Explore the nature and scope of customer engagement as a component of relationship marketing | Conceptual | General | n/a | n/a | |
| This study | Establish a conceptual model and calibrate it with empirical data for engagement in retirement planning | Conceptual and empirical (field survey) | Retirement planning | Utilitarian | Low |
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