Table 3

Results of regression models (standard errors are robust to heteroskedasticity and serial correlation)

ROEM&AROE
Model 1 βModel 2 βModel 3 β
Control variables
TMT size0.0470.006−0.009
Generation0.009−0.899*−0.899*
Firm age−0.002−0.004−0.007
Firm size0.001*0.0010.001
Manufacturing−0.207−0.093−0.963
Service0.043−0.078−0.076
Independent/mediating variable
Family-TMT (percentage)0.448**0.317**0.356*
M&A  0.293**
R20.1530.1250.185
F9.30***11.70***13.50***
N111111111

Note(s): *p < 0.10; **p < 0.05; ***p < 0.01

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