Managers need guidance on the many opportunities provided by new technological solutions to enable circular service systems; e.g. blockchain to control and trace circularity, AI to develop circular strategies, or using platformization to structure circular service offerings.

How can platformization and digitalization leverage circularity and foster collaboration among diverse actors to address challenges effectively? What is the role of different technologies in combination, such as AI, blockchain, IoT, etc. in enabling circular service models?

Companies are increasingly employing platforms as servitization strategies, but may struggle in translating these into successful circular strategies

What key factors contribute to successfully implementing circular platformization strategies? How can learning and knowledge-sharing on circular practices and solutions be facilitated?

Many companies are experienced in applying transaction or innovation platforms, but struggle in developing platforms for resource sharing or reuse in their traditional operations

How can platformization enable the efficient sharing of resources, skills and assets to foster circularity in novel application areas?

Managers might seek to more intentionally leverage circular service models to enable, e.g. consumers from disadvantaged backgrounds to benefit from wasting and redistributing resources and services; or managers might be challenged, however, in terms of how to combine economic with social and ecological needs

What are the social and economic implications of platformization in creating inclusive and equitable opportunities for participation, learning and sharing within ecosystems, and how can potential drawbacks be mitigated?

While identifying meaningful circularity performance measures is a general challenge, this becomes particularly interesting in the context of digital systems that allow for tracking and tracing, offering greater transparency; but how to set up these digital data systems so they support circular service models requires more guidance

How can circularity be measured using digital platforms in different ecosystems such as food production, energy, transportation, retail and tourism?

Managers develop new forms of collaboration with ongoing partners but are also in need of collaboration support from partners with access to new resources and competences

How are platforms used to support and enable collaboration with new partners and how can such collaboration be facilitated and governed by digital platforms?