Table 2. Multilevel estimates for...

Table 2.

Multilevel estimates for multilevel modelling predicting self-perceived learning from dealing with software-related problems

	Null model			Model 1			Model 2			Model 3			Model 4
Predictors	Estimate	SE	t	Estimate	SE	t	Estimate	SE	t	Estimate	SE	t	Estimate	SE	t
Intercept	2.99***	0.17	17.72	2.81***	0.26	10.654	2.30***	0.62	3.691	1.73*	0.71	2.423	1.94*	0.74	2.627
Problem-solving activities
Asking others				0.40	0.25	1.608	0.48*	0.23	2.065	0.50*	0.22	2.236	0.50*	0.22	2.217
Using information from the internet				0.81***	0.23	3.457	0.75**	0.23	3.316	0.62**	0.22	2.810	0.54*	0.22	2.406
Using internal information				0.35	0.37	0.941	0.49	0.36	1.367	0.47	0.35	1.347	0.48	0.34	1.403
Using software-integrated information				0.24	0.40	0.600	0.44	0.38	1.171	0.40	0.37	1.094	0.52	0.37	1.422
Experimenting				−0.59**	0.22	−2.607	−0.43	0.22	−1.965	−0.38	0.21	−1.783	−0.43*	0.21	−2.035
Emotional experience
Ø motivated/delighted/curious							0.41	0.30	1.387	0.21	0.27	0.803	−0.14	0.29	−0.492
Ø confident/happy/glad							0.06	0.40	0.141	−0.11	0.37	−0.305	−0.06	0.36	−0.152
Ø contented/accepted/proud							−0.32	0.34	−0.919	−0.29	0.31	−0.946	−0.36	0.30	−1.202
Ø calm/even-tempered/daydreaming							0.19	0.33	0.590	0.10	0.29	0.348	0.28	0.28	1.011
Ø nervous/worried/afraid							0.01	0.43	0.014	−0.47	0.44	−1.071	−0.51	0.43	−1.187
Ø bored/dull/uninterested							−0.03	0.43	−0.062	0.35	0.42	0.836	0.45	0.41	1.095
Ø unhappy/gloomy/sad							−0.04	0.58	−0.068	−0.07	0.49	−0.142	0.13	0.46	0.287
Ø irritated/annoyed/angry							0.05	0.33	0.146	−0.06	0.29	−0.210	−0.10	0.30	−0.350
Motivated/delighted/curious							0.10	0.11	0.855	0.14	0.11	1.279	0.15	0.11	1.357
Confident/happy/glad							0.21	0.13	1.659	0.18	0.13	1.418	0.18	0.13	1.421
Contented/accepted/proud							0.11	0.15	0.713	0.11	0.14	0.766	0.12	0.14	0.820
Calm/even-tempered/daydreaming							−0.22	0.15	−1.490	−0.18	0.15	−1.226	−0.18	0.15	−1.223
Nervous/worried/afraid							−0.09	0.14	−0.645	−0.11	0.14	−0.794	−0.10	0.14	−0.727
Bored/dull/uninterested							0.00	0.17	−0.020	0.02	0.17	0.111	0.03	0.17	0.179
Unhappy/gloomy/sad							−0.14	0.19	−0.726	−0.14	0.18	−0.770	−0.15	0.18	−0.825
Irritated/annoyed/angry							−0.36**	0.13	−2.871	−0.35**	0.12	−2.774	−0.34**	0.12	−2.750
Contextual factors
Location of work (0 = remote work, 1 = work in the office)										−0.74*	0.30	−2.480	−0.68*	0.29	−2.291
Ø own guilt										0.33**	0.12	2.684	0.42**	0.13	3.113
Ø negative consequences										0.02	0.13	0.165	0.11	0.13	0.866
Ø urgency										0.08	0.14	0.588	−0.08	0.17	−0.477
Own guilt										0.13*	0.06	2.325	0.14*	0.06	2.413
Negative consequences										−0.06	0.06	−0.881	−0.06	0.06	−0.911
Urgency										0.10	0.08	1.261	0.11	0.08	1.346
Team psychological safety										−0.45	0.24	−1.838	−0.67**	0.25	−2.726
Personal factors
Occupational self-efficacy													0.81*	0.35	2.315
Technology self-efficacy													0.16	0.30	0.523
Extraversion													−0.13	0.16	−0.839
Conscientiousness													0.63	0.36	1.726
Agreeableness													−0.21	0.37	−0.551
−2 * log	917.63			887.75			850.84			823.11			814.55
Diff −2*log				29.88***			36.903**			27.729***			8.563
Δdf				5			16			8			5
R²				0.14			0.24			0.36			0.40

	Null model			Model 1			Model 2			Model 3			Model 4
Predictors	Estimate	SE	t	Estimate	SE	t	Estimate	SE	t	Estimate	SE	t	Estimate	SE	t
Intercept	2.99***	0.17	17.72	2.81***	0.26	10.654	2.30***	0.62	3.691	1.73*	0.71	2.423	1.94*	0.74	2.627
Problem-solving activities
Asking others				0.40	0.25	1.608	0.48*	0.23	2.065	0.50*	0.22	2.236	0.50*	0.22	2.217
Using information from the internet				0.81***	0.23	3.457	0.75**	0.23	3.316	0.62**	0.22	2.810	0.54*	0.22	2.406
Using internal information				0.35	0.37	0.941	0.49	0.36	1.367	0.47	0.35	1.347	0.48	0.34	1.403
Using software-integrated information				0.24	0.40	0.600	0.44	0.38	1.171	0.40	0.37	1.094	0.52	0.37	1.422
Experimenting				−0.59**	0.22	−2.607	−0.43	0.22	−1.965	−0.38	0.21	−1.783	−0.43*	0.21	−2.035
Emotional experience
Ø motivated/delighted/curious							0.41	0.30	1.387	0.21	0.27	0.803	−0.14	0.29	−0.492
Ø confident/happy/glad							0.06	0.40	0.141	−0.11	0.37	−0.305	−0.06	0.36	−0.152
Ø contented/accepted/proud							−0.32	0.34	−0.919	−0.29	0.31	−0.946	−0.36	0.30	−1.202
Ø calm/even-tempered/daydreaming							0.19	0.33	0.590	0.10	0.29	0.348	0.28	0.28	1.011
Ø nervous/worried/afraid							0.01	0.43	0.014	−0.47	0.44	−1.071	−0.51	0.43	−1.187
Ø bored/dull/uninterested							−0.03	0.43	−0.062	0.35	0.42	0.836	0.45	0.41	1.095
Ø unhappy/gloomy/sad							−0.04	0.58	−0.068	−0.07	0.49	−0.142	0.13	0.46	0.287
Ø irritated/annoyed/angry							0.05	0.33	0.146	−0.06	0.29	−0.210	−0.10	0.30	−0.350
Motivated/delighted/curious							0.10	0.11	0.855	0.14	0.11	1.279	0.15	0.11	1.357
Confident/happy/glad							0.21	0.13	1.659	0.18	0.13	1.418	0.18	0.13	1.421
Contented/accepted/proud							0.11	0.15	0.713	0.11	0.14	0.766	0.12	0.14	0.820
Calm/even-tempered/daydreaming							−0.22	0.15	−1.490	−0.18	0.15	−1.226	−0.18	0.15	−1.223
Nervous/worried/afraid							−0.09	0.14	−0.645	−0.11	0.14	−0.794	−0.10	0.14	−0.727
Bored/dull/uninterested							0.00	0.17	−0.020	0.02	0.17	0.111	0.03	0.17	0.179
Unhappy/gloomy/sad							−0.14	0.19	−0.726	−0.14	0.18	−0.770	−0.15	0.18	−0.825
Irritated/annoyed/angry							−0.36**	0.13	−2.871	−0.35**	0.12	−2.774	−0.34**	0.12	−2.750
Contextual factors
Location of work (0 = remote work, 1 = work in the office)										−0.74*	0.30	−2.480	−0.68*	0.29	−2.291
Ø own guilt										0.33**	0.12	2.684	0.42**	0.13	3.113
Ø negative consequences										0.02	0.13	0.165	0.11	0.13	0.866
Ø urgency										0.08	0.14	0.588	−0.08	0.17	−0.477
Own guilt										0.13*	0.06	2.325	0.14*	0.06	2.413
Negative consequences										−0.06	0.06	−0.881	−0.06	0.06	−0.911
Urgency										0.10	0.08	1.261	0.11	0.08	1.346
Team psychological safety										−0.45	0.24	−1.838	−0.67**	0.25	−2.726
Personal factors
Occupational self-efficacy													0.81*	0.35	2.315
Technology self-efficacy													0.16	0.30	0.523
Extraversion													−0.13	0.16	−0.839
Conscientiousness													0.63	0.36	1.726
Agreeableness													−0.21	0.37	−0.551
−2 * log	917.63			887.75			850.84			823.11			814.55
Diff −2*log				29.88***			36.903**			27.729***			8.563
Δdf				5			16			8			5
R²				0.14			0.24			0.36			0.40

Notes:

*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001

Source: Authors’ own work

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