Table 2.

Attributes qualifying an article as an example of workplace learning

ThemesWPLNot WPL
Change• Actively find ways for auditing mistakes and changing the results
• Prompt new kinds of knowledge transfer
• Deal with problems beyond those initially identified
• Develop certain skills because of change/challenge
• Practices emerge over time as users engage with the IT artifacts
• No discussion of tensions or challenges created by change are presented
Reflection• Operational knowledge vs diagnostic knowledge
• Knowledge brokers turn into knowledge blockers if direct access to knowledge is blocked
• Compare your practice and your priorities with that of others
• Prioritize the essentials to be accommodating towards those of others
• Compare what goes on at the company with industry standards
• Lack of an understanding of why a practice was needed
• How employees take advantage of the IT artifact to do what they are expected, and no assessment is included
Deliberation• Bring about attitude and belief in the staff
• Actively make the implicit aspects explicit
• Negotiate a common ground
• Identify what you think you can compromise
• Arrange and mobilize stages of improvement
• No conscious overcoming of problems or making a change in the way things are being done
• Over time, necessity causes change in the understanding of employees
• The change in understanding is a result of passing time and not an active approach

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