Table 4. Differences*) in patient safety... | Emerald Publishing

Table 4.

Differences*) in patient safety culture composites between long-term and acute care

Composite	Long-term care			Acute care
	N	Mean	SD	N	Mean	SD	p-value*
Teamwork within units	193	3.55	0.676	171	3.82	0.633	0.000
Manager expectations and actions	197	3.46	0.846	173	3.66	0.819	0.015
Organizational learning	192	3.28	0.646	170	3.49	0.642	0.001
Management support for patient safety	197	3.18	0.813	167	3.27	0.860	0.332
Overall perceptions of patient safety	194	3.20	0.679	168	3.34	0.739	0.042
Feedback and communication about error	199	3.23	0.907	171	3.63	0.752	0.000
Communication openness	197	3.40	0.746	174	3.73	0.669	0.000
Frequency of events reported	198	3.63	0.760	169	3.47	0.821	0.050
Teamwork across units	197	3.38	0.549	171	3.34	0.595	0.767
Staffing	191	2.84	0.706	173	3.26	0.759	0.000
Handoffs and transitions	197	3.27	0.613	171	3.25	0.619	0.977
Nonpunitive response to errors	195	2.43	0.616	170	2.59	0.591	0.006

Composite	Long-term care			Acute care
	N	Mean	SD	N	Mean	SD	p-value*
Teamwork within units	193	3.55	0.676	171	3.82	0.633	0.000
Manager expectations and actions	197	3.46	0.846	173	3.66	0.819	0.015
Organizational learning	192	3.28	0.646	170	3.49	0.642	0.001
Management support for patient safety	197	3.18	0.813	167	3.27	0.860	0.332
Overall perceptions of patient safety	194	3.20	0.679	168	3.34	0.739	0.042
Feedback and communication about error	199	3.23	0.907	171	3.63	0.752	0.000
Communication openness	197	3.40	0.746	174	3.73	0.669	0.000
Frequency of events reported	198	3.63	0.760	169	3.47	0.821	0.050
Teamwork across units	197	3.38	0.549	171	3.34	0.595	0.767
Staffing	191	2.84	0.706	173	3.26	0.759	0.000
Handoffs and transitions	197	3.27	0.613	171	3.25	0.619	0.977
Nonpunitive response to errors	195	2.43	0.616	170	2.59	0.591	0.006

Notes:

*⁾ Based on Likert scale (1 = never/strongly disagree, 5 = always/strongly agree. Negatively worded questions have been recoded