Table A1 Data collection steps of ActS...

Table A1

Data collection steps of ActS employed in the pilot study

Step	Goals	Means	Outcome	Key informants	Data collection tools
Planning phase
(1) Defining the activity goal/theme	Identification of relevant goal to guide data collection	Reflective discussions	Defined goal of “understanding which activity sets stakeholders engage in in career development”	Service design team	Field notes
(2) Defining an appropriate data collection method and design of data collection	To ensure the method is human-centric, emancipatory and useful	Reflective discussions, internal planning workshops	A human-centric, participatory method: Collaborative workshop (Kujala, 2003)	Service design team	Field notes
(3) Preparing the method (workshop) design	To ensure proper insight/data collection	Internal planning workshop	Process plan, including questions, tasks, lists of materials	Service design team	Field notes
(4) Identifying and inviting participants	To ensure the representativeness of participants	Invitations to participate	Defining useful participants	Service design team	Field notes
Data collection phase
(5) Identifying relevant activities within the activity set and their perceived value	Identification of relevant activities within the human activity set	Co-creative activity identification workshop/3 h	Actionable activity map(s) with identified activity sets (Figure 1) key questions for primary customers, service design ideas	60 users (business students) assigned to 8 groups	Background information instructions to participants
					Maps
					Sticky notes
	To create activity maps (reflecting pleasure, sacrifice, frequency, importance)				Ratings
					Protocols
					Pencils, markers
(6) Gathering service design ideas from workshop participants	To assist the designers in recognizing service design ideas	Workshop task	Lists of service development ideas	See above	Sticky notes
					Flipchart
					Pens, coloured markers, pencils
Exploration and ideation phase
(7) Creating visualizations/archetype of participants' activity sets (Holmlid and Blomvist, 2014)	To create a foundation for service innovation and design	Map synthesis	Identified general patterns in the activity maps	Service design team and firm members	Sketches
		Map synthesis			Sticky notes
		Map analysis case company map analysis			Maps
		Map analysis case company map analysis			Markers, pencils
(8) Gathering alternative (other) stakeholder activity maps	To identify activity maps for other stakeholder groups	Stakeholder interviews and map creation	Identified preferences for development of the service from a multi-stakeholder view	Service design team and stakeholders; potential to widen to service system design	Sticky notes
					Maps
					Pencils
					Markers
(9) Key question generation by case company	To create input that can be used to identify spaces for potential new business concepts as well as input for the design	Development of key questions from other stakeholder groups and potential answers to them	Shared wider meanings for service ideation	Service design team, other employees	Transcripts
(10) Ideation based on activities and key questions as well as competitor offerings	To create actionable service design solutions	Case company workshop	Service concept ideas	Lead investigator, service design team	Field notes
	To create actionable service design solutions	Case company workshop	Service concept ideas	Lead investigator, service design team	Photographs

Step	Goals	Means	Outcome	Key informants	Data collection tools
Planning phase
(1) Defining the activity goal/theme	Identification of relevant goal to guide data collection	Reflective discussions	Defined goal of “understanding which activity sets stakeholders engage in in career development”	Service design team	Field notes
(2) Defining an appropriate data collection method and design of data collection	To ensure the method is human-centric, emancipatory and useful	Reflective discussions, internal planning workshops	A human-centric, participatory method: Collaborative workshop (Kujala, 2003)	Service design team	Field notes
(3) Preparing the method (workshop) design	To ensure proper insight/data collection	Internal planning workshop	Process plan, including questions, tasks, lists of materials	Service design team	Field notes
(4) Identifying and inviting participants	To ensure the representativeness of participants	Invitations to participate	Defining useful participants	Service design team	Field notes
Data collection phase
(5) Identifying relevant activities within the activity set and their perceived value	Identification of relevant activities within the human activity set	Co-creative activity identification workshop/3 h	Actionable activity map(s) with identified activity sets (Figure 1) key questions for primary customers, service design ideas	60 users (business students) assigned to 8 groups	Background information instructions to participants
					Maps
					Sticky notes
	To create activity maps (reflecting pleasure, sacrifice, frequency, importance)				Ratings
					Protocols
					Pencils, markers
(6) Gathering service design ideas from workshop participants	To assist the designers in recognizing service design ideas	Workshop task	Lists of service development ideas	See above	Sticky notes
					Flipchart
					Pens, coloured markers, pencils
Exploration and ideation phase
(7) Creating visualizations/archetype of participants' activity sets (Holmlid and Blomvist, 2014)	To create a foundation for service innovation and design	Map synthesis	Identified general patterns in the activity maps	Service design team and firm members	Sketches
		Map synthesis			Sticky notes
		Map analysis case company map analysis			Maps
		Map analysis case company map analysis			Markers, pencils
(8) Gathering alternative (other) stakeholder activity maps	To identify activity maps for other stakeholder groups	Stakeholder interviews and map creation	Identified preferences for development of the service from a multi-stakeholder view	Service design team and stakeholders; potential to widen to service system design	Sticky notes
					Maps
					Pencils
					Markers
(9) Key question generation by case company	To create input that can be used to identify spaces for potential new business concepts as well as input for the design	Development of key questions from other stakeholder groups and potential answers to them	Shared wider meanings for service ideation	Service design team, other employees	Transcripts
(10) Ideation based on activities and key questions as well as competitor offerings	To create actionable service design solutions	Case company workshop	Service concept ideas	Lead investigator, service design team	Field notes
	To create actionable service design solutions	Case company workshop	Service concept ideas	Lead investigator, service design team	Photographs

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