Table 4 Nascent entrepreneurial process... | Emerald Publishing

Table 4

Nascent entrepreneurial process and outcomes themes

Description	Illustrative quotes
Recognition of entrepreneurial opportunities
Ongoing process as the participants recognized entrepreneurial ideas while also moving back and forward between employment and nascent entrepreneurial pursuit. Self-employment often seen as a Plan B in search of a better life. Recognition of entrepreneurial opportunities mainly through previous experience and social networks. The opportunities were mostly to be located within general rather than co-immigrant markets despite little interaction with the locals	“I have two options. If I cannot get a job then I should get myself self-employed, you know.” (ON/INT2) “I wanted to do something different. Because I was really bored with my work, maybe … To get more money. To get more challenge. That's the reason”. (SF/INT1) Monika also anticipated how she could fit her self-employment around her future family responsibilities by hiring enough employees (ONE20) “My business idea was to open a hairdresser shop … I had this idea since I was a young girl. I love cutting hairs, styling hairs. So, I did that for all my family and then in my country I did a course as well for hairdressing.” (Lisa, INT1) Interviewer: And how did you find this idea? Sebastien: It's a Friend from Belgium […] A friend from Belgium who is very, very good at computing and all these kinds of things. So, I partner with him on this business. (Sebastien, INT2)
Evaluation of nascent entrepreneurial opportunities
Considerations of business ideas, their valuations and re-evaluations based on research through trusted sources of social networks and less trusted other research	“ … you have to have everything ready and … it's more accountability if you have your own business. It's more difficult.” (Lisa, INT1) Obusi: Initially I thought we could run it from home but when we now find out that I could not so he [Emerge trainer] said I should go and find out how much it costs and put it to my calculation, but I've not done that obviously because where is the money (Obusi, INT1)
Exploitation of nascent entrepreneurial opportunities
Ongoing process of exploitation of opportunities via gathering resources, structured gestation activities during enterprise program, exploring multiple opportunities at the same time, impediments relating to finance and cross-cultural adaptation (above)	… he was interested by me because he knew that I have experience as well. He is younger, younger than me. I have experience in business. So, he's very good at Internet thing, he can build sites and … marketing aspect … (Sebastien, INT1) Interviewer: So, on this website do you have your contact details there? People can purchase from it? Monika: Yes, at the time. But I should develop it. I cannot, I have to learn it first how to order easily. You know, because now at this time they have to write me, send me an email and we will discuss it. But you know I cannot do those classic order shop sites. (Monika, INT2)
Outcomes of the nascent entrepreneurial process
These were temporary rather than final decisions about the direction of start-up. These included putting self-employment on hold in current host environment, abandoning a particular idea, continuing with start-up efforts and putting nascent entrepreneurial efforts on hold in host country with a view of exploring the opportunity elsewhere	“Imagine, I will have 2 beading students at the weekend! Moreover, I can take part on 2 Craft Fairs! Why didn`t this come to my mind earlier!” (Monika, IC) : “I would like to set up the basis and set up all this first, to make sure that I can … I can survive with this.” (Sebastien, /INT2) “We'll see, we'll just wait and see what will happen … just the market you know, it's so scary now. I do not know, I do not even know where I am going to be.” (Pamela, INT2) Interviewer: So, what has been happening to your business ideas? Lisa: … I am not thinking actually at the moment for a business. Only if I go back in my country, that would be then an idea Interviewer: So, you completely gave up all of your … Lisa: Here, yeah. At the moment. It's very difficult here actually. (Lisa, INT2)

Description	Illustrative quotes
Recognition of entrepreneurial opportunities
Ongoing process as the participants recognized entrepreneurial ideas while also moving back and forward between employment and nascent entrepreneurial pursuit. Self-employment often seen as a Plan B in search of a better life. Recognition of entrepreneurial opportunities mainly through previous experience and social networks. The opportunities were mostly to be located within general rather than co-immigrant markets despite little interaction with the locals	“I have two options. If I cannot get a job then I should get myself self-employed, you know.” (ON/INT2)“I wanted to do something different. Because I was really bored with my work, maybe … To get more money. To get more challenge. That's the reason”. (SF/INT1)Monika also anticipated how she could fit her self-employment around her future family responsibilities by hiring enough employees (ONE20)“My business idea was to open a hairdresser shop … I had this idea since I was a young girl. I love cutting hairs, styling hairs. So, I did that for all my family and then in my country I did a course as well for hairdressing.” (Lisa, INT1)Interviewer: And how did you find this idea?Sebastien: It's a Friend from Belgium […] A friend from Belgium who is very, very good at computing and all these kinds of things. So, I partner with him on this business. (Sebastien, INT2)
Evaluation of nascent entrepreneurial opportunities
Considerations of business ideas, their valuations and re-evaluations based on research through trusted sources of social networks and less trusted other research	“ … you have to have everything ready and … it's more accountability if you have your own business. It's more difficult.” (Lisa, INT1)Obusi: Initially I thought we could run it from home but when we now find out that I could not so he [Emerge trainer] said I should go and find out how much it costs and put it to my calculation, but I've not done that obviously because where is the money (Obusi, INT1)
Exploitation of nascent entrepreneurial opportunities
Ongoing process of exploitation of opportunities via gathering resources, structured gestation activities during enterprise program, exploring multiple opportunities at the same time, impediments relating to finance and cross-cultural adaptation (above)	… he was interested by me because he knew that I have experience as well. He is younger, younger than me. I have experience in business. So, he's very good at Internet thing, he can build sites and … marketing aspect … (Sebastien, INT1)Interviewer: So, on this website do you have your contact details there? People can purchase from it?Monika: Yes, at the time. But I should develop it. I cannot, I have to learn it first how to order easily. You know, because now at this time they have to write me, send me an email and we will discuss it. But you know I cannot do those classic order shop sites. (Monika, INT2)
Outcomes of the nascent entrepreneurial process
These were temporary rather than final decisions about the direction of start-up. These included putting self-employment on hold in current host environment, abandoning a particular idea, continuing with start-up efforts and putting nascent entrepreneurial efforts on hold in host country with a view of exploring the opportunity elsewhere	“Imagine, I will have 2 beading students at the weekend! Moreover, I can take part on 2 Craft Fairs! Why didn`t this come to my mind earlier!” (Monika, IC): “I would like to set up the basis and set up all this first, to make sure that I can … I can survive with this.” (Sebastien, /INT2)“We'll see, we'll just wait and see what will happen … just the market you know, it's so scary now. I do not know, I do not even know where I am going to be.” (Pamela, INT2)Interviewer: So, what has been happening to your business ideas?Lisa: … I am not thinking actually at the moment for a business. Only if I go back in my country, that would be then an ideaInterviewer: So, you completely gave up all of your …Lisa: Here, yeah. At the moment. It's very difficult here actually. (Lisa, INT2)