Table 2

Data structure

First-order conceptsSecond-order themesAggregate dimensions
  • Spending time in music-related contexts (i.e. record stores or festivals)

  • Basic training in playing music instruments (i.e. at a music school)

  • Preforming in a trial-and-error fashion (i.e. for family and friends)

Acquiring basic knowledge of resources 
  • Working in music-related contexts

  • Experimenting with creating music through recording equipment

  • Forming new collaborations with other actors

Orientating toward a direction 
  • Collaborating with other actors to form enterprises

  • Creating networks of actors

  • Recording music and acquiring essential equipment

Broadening the scopeTypes of VCPs
  • Becoming an expert in playing a music instrument

  • Managing entrepreneurship and commercial success

  • Working as a producer in a studio with advanced equipment

Mastering RI 
  • Coaching and teaching others

  • Creating networks with individuals other than music actors

  • Providing resources, such as a studio, that other actors can use

Shaping other actors' learning 
   
  • Attending evening school to learn to play an instrument

  • Participating in songwriting camps to learn to write and produce music

  • Studying at a university (i.e. music, marketing, or management)

Learning through formal education 
  • Doing an internship at a music enterprise

  • Being a member of a band

  • Watching social media content (i.e. YouTube videos)

Learning by performing concrete VCPs 
  • Playing computer games

  • Engaging in distance collaborations (i.e. through social media)

  • Utilizing broadband infrastructure

Learning by experimenting with technologyWays of learning RI by engaging in VCPs
  • Imitating senior music actors

  • Collaborating with skilled music actors

  • Participating in mentorship programs

Learning from role models 
  • Dealing with disruptions and finding solutions

  • Maneuvering the politics of the music industry

  • Engaging in conflicts that encourage new collaborations

Learning by solving problems 
   
  • Growing up in a family that plays music

  • Playing at weddings and birthday parties

  • Learning from parents active in the music industry

Family 
  • Being involved with similar actors (i.e. songwriting community)

  • Collaborating in computer programming and gaming communities

  • Learning how to gain access to networks through actor connections

CommunityGeneric social contexts of learning RI
  • Participating in market competition

  • Working in the music industry to acquire knowledge of the market

  • Starting a firm to formalize music activity

Corporation/markets 

Note(s): RI: Resource integration; VCP: Value cocreation practices

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