Abnormal performance in labour productivity, sales, and profitability
| Period | AP mean | AP median | Skewness | p-value (t-test) | p-value (WSR) | p-value (sign test) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labour productivity (operating income/number of employees) | ||||||
| t−3 to t−2 | 32.497 | 0.534 | ✕ | 0.314 | 0.218 | 0.308 |
| t−2 to t−1 | −1.408 | −0.606 | ✕ | 0.296 | 0.064 | 0.106 |
| t−2 to t | −3.350 | −0.542 | ✕ | 0.082 | 0.110 | 0.230 |
| t−2 to t+1 | 1.163 | 0.550 | 0.581 | 0.297 | 0.141 | |
| t−2 to t+2 | 2.037 | 1.031 | 0.446 | 0.383 | 0.389 | |
| t−1 to t | −1.871 | 0.394 | 0.191 | 0.755 | 0.326 | |
| t−1 to t+1 | 2.913 | 1.212 | 0,231 | 0.005** | 0.003** | |
| t−1 to t+2 | 4.019 | 1.675 | 0.086 | 0.012** | 0.036* | |
| t to t+1 | 4.227 | 1.420 | ✕ | 0.063 | 0.001*** | 0.009** |
| t to t+2 | 6.172 | 2.588 | ✕ | 0.007* | 0.000*** | 0.000*** |
| t+1 to t+2 | 0.843 | 0.463 | 0.731 | 0.550 | 0.712 | |
| Sales performance (yearly percentage change in industrial sales) | ||||||
| t−3 to t−2 | −35.6351 | −1.9359 | ✕ | 0.062 | 0.097 | 0.762 |
| t−2 to t−1 | 58.0330 | 4.0796 | ✕ | 0.235 | 0.002*** | 0.020* |
| t−2 to t | 14.3304 | 10.7109 | ✕ | 0.004** | 0.000*** | 0.001** |
| t−2 to t+1 | 15.1768 | 12.8258 | ✕ | 0.014* | 0.000*** | 0.017* |
| t−2 to t+2 | 6.6751 | 6.8427 | 0.036 | 0.014** | 0.048 | |
| t−1 to t | −44.9953 | 3.7341 | ✕ | 0.368 | 0.467 | 0.185 |
| t−1 to t+1 | −49.7419 | 0.6204 | ✕ | 0.356 | 0.737 | 0.828 |
| t−1 to t+2 | −67.5717 | 0.1432 | ✕ | 0.305 | 0.823 | 1.000 |
| t to t+1 | −2.1187 | −1.1003 | 0.785 | 0.721 | 0.828 | |
| t to t+2 | −11.4892 | −12.6731 | ✕ | 0.086 | 0.022** | 0.008** |
| t+1 to t+2 | −9.9836 | −3.7464 | ✕ | 0.142 | 0.287 | 0.131 |
| Profitability (return on assets) | ||||||
| t−3 to t−2 | −2.456 | −0.022 | ✕ | 0.326 | 0.031 | 0.012 |
| t−2 to t−1 | −0.072 | −0.001 | ✕ | 0.202 | 0.962 | 0.480 |
| t−2 to t | −0.054 | 0.007 | ✕ | 0.750 | 0.447 | 0.475 |
| t−2 to t+1 | 0.001 | 0.001 | ✕ | 0.993 | 0.627 | 0.743 |
| t−2 to t+2 | 0.085 | 0.001 | 0.578 | 0.487 | 1.00 | |
| t−1 to t | 0.020 | 0.001 | ✕ | 0.913 | 0.303 | 0.759 |
| t−1 to t+1 | 0.069 | 0.011 | ✕ | 0.704 | 0.139 | 0.230 |
| t−1 to t+2 | 0.173 | 0.000 | ✕ | 0.328 | 0.168 | 1.00 |
| t to t+1 | 0.022 | 0.005 | 0.822 | 0.278 | 0.156 | |
| t to t+2 | 0.132 | 0.019 | ✕ | 0.639 | 0.152 | 0.349 |
| t+1 to t+2 | 0.099 | 0.006 | 0.730 | 0.263 | 0.160 | |
| Period | AP mean | AP median | Skewness | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 32.497 | 0.534 | ✕ | 0.314 | 0.218 | 0.308 | |
| −1.408 | −0.606 | ✕ | 0.296 | 0.064 | 0.106 | |
| −3.350 | −0.542 | ✕ | 0.082 | 0.110 | 0.230 | |
| 1.163 | 0.550 | 0.581 | 0.297 | 0.141 | ||
| 2.037 | 1.031 | 0.446 | 0.383 | 0.389 | ||
| −1.871 | 0.394 | 0.191 | 0.755 | 0.326 | ||
| 2.913 | 1.212 | 0,231 | 0.005** | 0.003** | ||
| 4.019 | 1.675 | 0.086 | 0.012** | 0.036* | ||
| 4.227 | 1.420 | ✕ | 0.063 | 0.001*** | 0.009** | |
| 6.172 | 2.588 | ✕ | 0.007* | 0.000*** | 0.000*** | |
| 0.843 | 0.463 | 0.731 | 0.550 | 0.712 | ||
| −35.6351 | −1.9359 | ✕ | 0.062 | 0.097 | 0.762 | |
| 58.0330 | 4.0796 | ✕ | 0.235 | 0.002*** | 0.020* | |
| 14.3304 | 10.7109 | ✕ | 0.004** | 0.000*** | 0.001** | |
| 15.1768 | 12.8258 | ✕ | 0.014* | 0.000*** | 0.017* | |
| 6.6751 | 6.8427 | 0.036 | 0.014** | 0.048 | ||
| −44.9953 | 3.7341 | ✕ | 0.368 | 0.467 | 0.185 | |
| −49.7419 | 0.6204 | ✕ | 0.356 | 0.737 | 0.828 | |
| −67.5717 | 0.1432 | ✕ | 0.305 | 0.823 | 1.000 | |
| −2.1187 | −1.1003 | 0.785 | 0.721 | 0.828 | ||
| −11.4892 | −12.6731 | ✕ | 0.086 | 0.022** | 0.008** | |
| −9.9836 | −3.7464 | ✕ | 0.142 | 0.287 | 0.131 | |
| −2.456 | −0.022 | ✕ | 0.326 | 0.031 | 0.012 | |
| −0.072 | −0.001 | ✕ | 0.202 | 0.962 | 0.480 | |
| −0.054 | 0.007 | ✕ | 0.750 | 0.447 | 0.475 | |
| 0.001 | 0.001 | ✕ | 0.993 | 0.627 | 0.743 | |
| 0.085 | 0.001 | 0.578 | 0.487 | 1.00 | ||
| 0.020 | 0.001 | ✕ | 0.913 | 0.303 | 0.759 | |
| 0.069 | 0.011 | ✕ | 0.704 | 0.139 | 0.230 | |
| 0.173 | 0.000 | ✕ | 0.328 | 0.168 | 1.00 | |
| 0.022 | 0.005 | 0.822 | 0.278 | 0.156 | ||
| 0.132 | 0.019 | ✕ | 0.639 | 0.152 | 0.349 | |
| 0.099 | 0.006 | 0.730 | 0.263 | 0.160 | ||
Notes: *,**,***Significant at the 10, 5, and 1 per cent levels, respectively (Benjamini-Hochberg, 1995 false discovery rate correction)
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