Table 2

Categories of motives in the internal context for stimulating professionals’ sharing and application of knowledge

1. Motives related to CEOs2. Motives related to professionals
1.1 Background and perceptions of CEOs
  • Personal variables: personal characteristics, personal and professional background (having a family member with an intellectual disability or a former job in education)

  • Motivations

  • Perceptions of knowledge: definition of knowledge; availability of implicit and explicit knowledge; importance of scientific knowledge†; function of knowledge (contributes to quality)

  • Perceptions of knowledge sharing: on learning (conditions); design and conditions of knowledge sharing (dialogue); importance of knowledge sharing; sharing knowledge with the outside world (open source)

  • Perceptions of collaboration: on multidisciplinary collaboration within and between organizations

  • Other perceptions: on the role of knowledge in care development; the relationship between knowledge and professionalism (professional behavior is based on knowledge); managerial control (facilitating bottom-up development)

1.2 CEOs task performance
  • Identifying areas of concern: innovation and implementation of knowledge*,†; absence of a knowledge culture*; knowledge sharing*,†; level of equivalence of knowledge sources*,†

  • Strategic planning role (specialization on complex care needs of clients)

  • Initiating role (company trainings)

  • Responsibility for quality (signals that quality improvement is required)

  • Role as employer (avoiding staff layoffs after budget cuts)

2.1. Basic knowledge and competencies
  • Required knowledge base and competencies*,†

  • Required motivation, attitude, readiness for action*,†


2.2 Specific knowledge and competencies
  • Required knowledge about complex care needs of clients (with challenging behaviors)*,†


2.3 Education and training
  • Aligning the design of learning with professionals’ needs*,†

Notes:

Examples given in parenthesis.

* = cluster contains codes identifying areas of concern; † = cluster contains codes on challenges

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