Table 4

Hypotheses testing results

HypothesesPath coefficients
direct effect
Path coefficients
indirect effect (CI)
Level of support
Direct effects
H1: SP → SQM0.40** Supported
H2: LP → SQM0.75** Supported
H3: SP → TTC0.15 Unsupported
H4: LP → TTC0.44** Supported
Mediation effects
H5: SP → SQM → TTC0.150.18* (0.03, 0.41)Supported
H6: LP → SQM → TTC0.44**0.33* (0.11, 0.60)Supported
Control variables
AGE → TTC0.31**  
IND → TTC0.09  
SIZE → TTC−0.18  
OWN → TTC−0.14  

Notes:

*

p < 0.05;

**

p < 0.01; bootstrapping N = 5,000; CI = upper and lower limits of 99% confidence interval

or Create an Account

Close Modal
Close Modal