Summary of published correlations
| Correlation (year) | Formula | Rock type | Based on pile load tests? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rosenberg and Journeaux (1976) | 0·375 × (UCS)0·515 | Weathered and soft rocks | Yes |
| Horvath (1978) | 0·33 × (UCS)0·5 | — | Yes |
| Horvath and Kenney (1979) | (0·20 to 0·25) × (UCS)0·5 | Shale and mudstone | — |
| Meigh and Wolski (1979) | 0·22 × (UCS)0·6 | — | — |
| Williams et al. (1980) | αβ × (UCS) | Melbourne Mudstone | No |
| Williams and Pells (1981) | αβ × (UCS) | Sandstone, shale and mudstone | No |
| Horvath et al. (1983) | (0·20 to 0·30) × (UCS)0·5 | Shale and mudstone | Yes |
| Abbs and Needham (1985) | 0·375 × (UCS) for UCS < 1 MPa 0·375 + 0·1875 × (UCS − 1) for UCS = 1–3 MPa 0·75 for UCS > 3 MPa | Weak carbonate rocks | Yes |
| Rowe and Armitage (1987) (regular) | 0·45 × (UCS)0·5 | — | Yes |
| Rowe and Armitage (1987) (rough) | 0·60 × (UCS)0·5 | — | Yes |
| Carter and Kulhawy (1987) | 0·15 × (UCS) | — | — |
| Reese and O’Neil (1988) | 0·15 × (UCS) for UCS < 1·9 MPa 0·2 × (UCS)0·5 for higher UCS | — | — |
| Zhang and Einstein (1998) (smooth) | 0·40 × (UCS)0·5 | Based on an array of ground conditions – test results taken from literature | Yes |
| Zhang and Einstein (1998) (rough) | 0·80 × (UCS)0·5 | Yes | |
| O’Neill and Reese (1999) (IGM) | αφ × (UCS) | — | — |
| Charif et al. (2010) | 0·18 × (UCS)0·5 | Weak carbonate rocks in the Middle East | Yes |
| Correlation (year) | Formula | Rock type | Based on pile load tests? |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0·375 × (UCS)0·515 | Weathered and soft rocks | Yes | |
| 0·33 × (UCS)0·5 | — | Yes | |
| (0·20 to 0·25) × (UCS)0·5 | Shale and mudstone | — | |
| 0·22 × (UCS)0·6 | — | — | |
| Melbourne Mudstone | No | ||
| Sandstone, shale and mudstone | No | ||
| (0·20 to 0·30) × (UCS)0·5 | Shale and mudstone | Yes | |
| 0·375 × (UCS) for UCS < 1 MPa | Weak carbonate rocks | Yes | |
| 0·45 × (UCS)0·5 | — | Yes | |
| 0·60 × (UCS)0·5 | — | Yes | |
| 0·15 × (UCS) | — | — | |
| 0·15 × (UCS) for UCS < 1·9 MPa | — | — | |
| 0·40 × (UCS)0·5 | Based on an array of ground conditions – test results taken from literature | Yes | |
| 0·80 × (UCS)0·5 | Yes | ||
| — | — | ||
| 0·18 × (UCS)0·5 | Weak carbonate rocks in the Middle East | Yes |
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