Table 1. Results of thematic analysis... | Emerald Publishing

Table 1.

Results of thematic analysis and sample tweets

Themes (n, %)	Sample tweets (ST)
Demonstration of sample distance education activities (n = 11,581, 44.02%)	ST1: 4-A class students from our school keep their learning process going by doing experiments at home. [URL shows pictures of four students in different photos who are doing science experiments.] ST2: Our special education student, [Name and Surname], is putting the objects in descending order. [URL shows a video showing one student putting jar, glass, and bottle in order.]
Information about planned/ongoing distance education processes (n = 8,982, 34.14%)	ST1: Broadcast schedule of this week on TRT EBA TV … April 6–10, 2020 [URL goes a picture illustrating the weekly schedule of primary, middle and high schools.] ST2: Our Minister of National Education, [Name and Surname], is answering questions about distance education on a live broadcast on TV [Channel Name] [URL shows a picture of Turkish Minister of National Education]
Providing psychological support (n = 1,083, 4.12%)	ST1: During these days when we stay at home, there are many activities we can do with our children. The strongest support is the love needed. Let us take the time to reduce anxiety in our children. [URL shows a picture that includes some recommendations about how to reduce anxiety] ST2: To protect our psychological health during the pandemic period, An Information Guide for Young People has been published. [URL includes the published guide in pdf format]
Providing technical support (n = 663, 2.52%)	ST1: How can you get an EBA password for your child? The step by step guideline is in our video: [URL shows a video about getting the EBA password] ST2: For those who could not set up the TV frequencies: EBA TV is in the public network [URL provides access to EBA TV live streaming Web page]
Motivating stakeholders (n = 1,444, 5.49%)	ST1: This process is not a holiday; we will continue education all together and meet again in our classrooms! Please join us! [URL goes a picture showing a daily schedule of primary, middle and high schools on EBA TV] ST2: For the future of this country, we need people who read more and study more science, so do not let our children and young people neglect their education in these difficult times. [URL shows a picture of Turkish Minister of National Education]
Appreciation to stakeholders (n = 1,194, 4.54%)	We would like to thank our teachers, students and parents who contributed to this process. We wish you success in your work. ST2: Everything is for nice spring that will bloom with your smile … Thank you, my teacher, thank you, pupils
Showing political support to distance education (n = 199, 0.76%)	ST1: EBA TV had its deficiencies and flaws. Yes, I agree. But I think it is so unfair not to see such a great effort in establishing online distance education within one week and just focus on the deficiencies and flaws. ST2: In my opinion, the Minister of National Education works well. That is why resignation is not necessary. After all, he cannot watch thousands of hours of lecture material alone. The history of our country should be taught without politicization (with regards to an animation shown to the primary school pupils. This animation included a previous Turkish Prime Minister).
Protesting government or government agencies (n = 63, 0.24%)	ST1: What is the difference between those who take advantage of these difficult days to impose certain ideologies on children from those cologne, mask and antiseptic opportunists? ST2: Shame on you and your education. Do not watch TRT EBA TV, do not let them (students) watch TV! It is political propaganda [URL shows a video of a former prime minister imprisoned]
Suggestions for the ongoing distance education (n = 210, 0.80%)	ST1: For God’s sake, please tell the eighth-grade science teacher (on EBA TV) to show some excitement and explain slowly! I am 42 years old, even I get tired while following! How will the child understand this? ST2: Ministry of National Education should extend the agreement with GSM operators to provide free internet to students [URL shows a picture about digital equality]
Humor (n = 336, 1.28%)	ST1: Parents who stay with their children at home day time will cooperate and explore the Covid-19 vaccine on themselves. ST2: Dear teacher, If I send you a “like” on online lecture, would you please end the course early?
Negative views about distance education (n = 555, 2.11%)	ST1: Nothing is understood from the lecture of the teachers; we are not given the opportunity to take notes; we are in distance education; if this is so, I would rather be tested positive. Please start face-to-face education! ST2: Online course duration is too short, and course content is not interactive. This is just a one-way knowledge transfer!

Themes (n, %)	Sample tweets (ST)
Demonstration of sample distance education activities(n = 11,581, 44.02%)	ST1: 4-A class students from our school keep their learning process going by doing experiments at home.[URL shows pictures of four students in different photos who are doing science experiments.]ST2: Our special education student, [Name and Surname], is putting the objects in descending order.[URL shows a video showing one student putting jar, glass, and bottle in order.]
Information about planned/ongoing distance education processes (n = 8,982, 34.14%)	ST1: Broadcast schedule of this week on TRT EBA TV … April 6–10, 2020[URL goes a picture illustrating the weekly schedule of primary, middle and high schools.]ST2: Our Minister of National Education, [Name and Surname], is answering questions about distance education on a live broadcast on TV [Channel Name][URL shows a picture of Turkish Minister of National Education]
Providing psychological support (n = 1,083, 4.12%)	ST1: During these days when we stay at home, there are many activities we can do with our children. The strongest support is the love needed. Let us take the time to reduce anxiety in our children.[URL shows a picture that includes some recommendations about how to reduce anxiety]ST2: To protect our psychological health during the pandemic period,An Information Guide for Young People has been published.[URL includes the published guide in pdf format]
Providing technical support (n = 663, 2.52%)	ST1: How can you get an EBA password for your child? The step by step guideline is in our video: [URL shows a video about getting the EBA password]ST2: For those who could not set up the TV frequencies:EBA TV is in the public network [URL provides access to EBA TV live streaming Web page]
Motivating stakeholders (n = 1,444, 5.49%)	ST1: This process is not a holiday; we will continue education all together and meet again in our classrooms! Please join us! [URL goes a picture showing a daily schedule of primary, middle and high schools on EBA TV]ST2: For the future of this country, we need people who read more and study more science, so do not let our children and young people neglect their education in these difficult times.[URL shows a picture of Turkish Minister of National Education]
Appreciation to stakeholders (n = 1,194, 4.54%)	We would like to thank our teachers, students and parents who contributed to this process. We wish you success in your work.ST2: Everything is for nice spring that will bloom with your smile …Thank you, my teacher, thank you, pupils
Showing political support to distance education (n = 199, 0.76%)	ST1: EBA TV had its deficiencies and flaws. Yes, I agree. But I think it is so unfair not to see such a great effort in establishing online distance education within one week and just focus on the deficiencies and flaws.ST2: In my opinion, the Minister of National Education works well. That is why resignation is not necessary. After all, he cannot watch thousands of hours of lecture material alone. The history of our country should be taught without politicization (with regards to an animation shown to the primary school pupils. This animation included a previous Turkish Prime Minister).
Protesting government or government agencies (n = 63, 0.24%)	ST1: What is the difference between those who take advantage of these difficult days to impose certain ideologies on children from those cologne, mask and antiseptic opportunists?ST2: Shame on you and your education. Do not watch TRT EBA TV, do not let them (students) watch TV! It is political propaganda [URL shows a video of a former prime minister imprisoned]
Suggestions for the ongoing distance education (n = 210, 0.80%)	ST1: For God’s sake, please tell the eighth-grade science teacher (on EBA TV) to show some excitement and explain slowly! I am 42 years old, even I get tired while following! How will the child understand this?ST2: Ministry of National Education should extend the agreement with GSM operators to provide free internet to students [URL shows a picture about digital equality]
Humor (n = 336, 1.28%)	ST1: Parents who stay with their children at home day time will cooperate and explore the Covid-19 vaccine on themselves.ST2: Dear teacher, If I send you a “like” on online lecture, would you please end the course early?
Negative views about distance education (n = 555, 2.11%)	ST1: Nothing is understood from the lecture of the teachers; we are not given the opportunity to take notes; we are in distance education; if this is so, I would rather be tested positive. Please start face-to-face education!ST2: Online course duration is too short, and course content is not interactive. This is just a one-way knowledge transfer!