Table II. Computed indices and results...

Table II.

Computed indices and results of two-sample t-test for major and sub-components of LVI

		Index of sub-components (S_si)		Major component indices (M_si)		Two-sample t-test
Major component	Sub-component	Female	Male	Female	Male	t-value	p-value
Socio-Demographic Profile	Dependency ratio	0.136	0.149	0.449	0.423	4.4723	0.000
	Average age of household heads	0.557	0.640
	% of households without latrines	0.493	0.410
	% of households with household head never attending school	0.787	0.790
	% of households with orphans	0.473	0.310
	Average number of persons per room	0.244	0.241
Livelihood Strategies	% of households with family member working in another community	0.373	0.360	0.422	0.332	2.6596	0.008
	% of households dependent only on agriculture as a source of income	0.360	0.300
	% of households who do not own their farm lands	0.380	0.120
	Average agricultural livelihood diversification index	0.575	0.548
Social Network	Average receive:give ratio (0-2)	0.333	0.353	0.597	0.587	3.533	0.005
	Average borrow:lend money (0-2)	0.458	0.429
	% of households that have not gone to their local government for assistance in the past 12 months	1.000	0.980
Health	Average time to health facility (minutes)	0.125	0.167	0.251	0.279	-13.964	0.000
	% of households with family member with chronic illness	0.333	0.300
	% of households where a family member had to miss work or school in the past two weeks because of illness	0.400	0.490
	Average malaria exposure × prevention index (range: 0-12)	0.146	0.160
Food	% of households dependent on family farm for food	0.360	0.300	0.523	0.512	6.405	0.000
	Average number of months households struggle to find food (range: 0-12)	0.170	0.131
	Average crop diversity index (range: 0-1)	0.482	0.417
	% of households not saving crops	0.753	0.783
	% of households not saving seeds	0.850	0.931
Water	% of households reporting water conflicts	0.684	0.310	0.511	0.449	1.064	0.000
	% of households utilizing a natural water source	0.933	0.931
	Average time to water source (minutes)	0.269	0.313
	% of households without a consistent water supply	0.600	0.604
	Inverse of the average number of liters of water stored per household	0.071	0.087
Natural Disasters and Climate Variability	Average number of flood, bush fires and drought events in the past 10 years	0.509	0.528	0.486	0.483	1.064	0.143
	% of households who lost crops as a result of the floods, drought and bushfires	0.627	0.624
	% of households that did not receive a warning about the pending natural disasters	0.480	0.436
	% of households reporting an injury or death due to natural disaster in the past 10 years	0.013	0.020
	Mean standard deviation of the daily average maximum temperature by month	0.694	0.694
	Mean standard deviation of the daily average minimum temperature by month	0.341	0.341
	Mean standard deviation of the daily average maximum temperature by month	0.737	0.737
Overall LVI				0.463	0.438	25.981	0.000

		Index of sub-components (S_si)		Major component indices (M_si)		Two-sample t-test
Major component	Sub-component	Female	Male	Female	Male	t-value	p-value
Socio-Demographic Profile	Dependency ratio	0.136	0.149	0.449	0.423	4.4723	0.000
	Average age of household heads	0.557	0.640
	% of households without latrines	0.493	0.410
	% of households with household head never attending school	0.787	0.790
	% of households with orphans	0.473	0.310
	Average number of persons per room	0.244	0.241
Livelihood Strategies	% of households with family member working in another community	0.373	0.360	0.422	0.332	2.6596	0.008
	% of households dependent only on agriculture as a source of income	0.360	0.300
	% of households who do not own their farm lands	0.380	0.120
	Average agricultural livelihood diversification index	0.575	0.548
Social Network	Average receive:give ratio (0-2)	0.333	0.353	0.597	0.587	3.533	0.005
	Average borrow:lend money (0-2)	0.458	0.429
	% of households that have not gone to their local government for assistance in the past 12 months	1.000	0.980
Health	Average time to health facility (minutes)	0.125	0.167	0.251	0.279	-13.964	0.000
	% of households with family member with chronic illness	0.333	0.300
	% of households where a family member had to miss work or school in the past two weeks because of illness	0.400	0.490
	Average malaria exposure × prevention index (range: 0-12)	0.146	0.160
Food	% of households dependent on family farm for food	0.360	0.300	0.523	0.512	6.405	0.000
	Average number of months households struggle to find food (range: 0-12)	0.170	0.131
	Average crop diversity index (range: 0-1)	0.482	0.417
	% of households not saving crops	0.753	0.783
	% of households not saving seeds	0.850	0.931
Water	% of households reporting water conflicts	0.684	0.310	0.511	0.449	1.064	0.000
	% of households utilizing a natural water source	0.933	0.931
	Average time to water source (minutes)	0.269	0.313
	% of households without a consistent water supply	0.600	0.604
	Inverse of the average number of liters of water stored per household	0.071	0.087
Natural Disasters and Climate Variability	Average number of flood, bush fires and drought events in the past 10 years	0.509	0.528	0.486	0.483	1.064	0.143
	% of households who lost crops as a result of the floods, drought and bushfires	0.627	0.624
	% of households that did not receive a warning about the pending natural disasters	0.480	0.436
	% of households reporting an injury or death due to natural disaster in the past 10 years	0.013	0.020
	Mean standard deviation of the daily average maximum temperature by month	0.694	0.694
	Mean standard deviation of the daily average minimum temperature by month	0.341	0.341
	Mean standard deviation of the daily average maximum temperature by month	0.737	0.737
Overall LVI				0.463	0.438	25.981	0.000

Note: ***Denotes significance at 1%

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