Table II Reliability and validity of...

Table II

Reliability and validity of measures

Panel A: loading of indicators on the first-order constructs
				Loading		CR		AVE
Second-order construct	First-order construct	Indicators		2014	2016	2014	2016	2014	2016
Self-Transcendence	Universalism	(1) Important that people are treated equally and have equal opportunities		0.80	0.80	0.80	0.80	0.67	0.66
		(2) Important to understand different people		0.83	0.83
		(3) Important to care for nature and the environment^a		0.61	0.61
	Benevolence	(4) Important to be loyal to friends and devoted to people		0.83	0.85	0.83	0.85	0.71	0.73
		(5) Important to help people and care for others’ well-being		0.86	0.86
Conservatism	Tradition	(6) Important to be humble and modest, and not to draw attention to oneself		0.71	0.70	0.74	0.74	0.58	0.59
		(7) Important to follow traditions and customs		0.81	0.83
	Conformity	(8) Important to do what is told and follow rules		0.80	0.83	0.82	0.83	0.69	0.71
		(9) Important to behave properly		0.86	0.86
	Security	Important to live in secure and safe surroundings		0.85	0.84	0.83	0.82	0.71	0.70
		(10) Important that government is strong and ensures safety		0.83	0.84
Human capital expectancy		(11) Migrants Should have good educational qualifications		0.86	na	0.89	na	0.80	na
		(12) Migrants Should have work skills that the host country needs		0.93	na
Acculturation expectancy		(13) Be able to speak country’s official language(s)		0.84	na	0.81	na	0.68	na
		(14) Be committed to the way of life in the host country		0.82	na
Attitude towards migrants		(15) Immigration bad or good for a country’s economy?		0.84	0.87	0.90	0.92	0.76	0.79
		(16) The country’s cultural life undermined or enriched by immigrants?		0.88	0.90
		(17) Immigrants make the country a worse or a better place to live in?		0.88	0.89
Panel B: loading of the first-order constructs on the second-order value constructs
			Loading		CR		AVE		MSV
Second-order construct	First-order construct		2014	2016	2014	2016	2014	2016	2014	2016
Self-Transcendence	Universalism		0.96	0.97	0.73	0.83	0.73	0.71	0.20	0.17
	Benevolence		0.73	0.70
Conservatism	Tradition		0.76	0.78	0.60	0.82	0.60	0.61	0.12	0.12
	Conformity		0.78	0.78
	Security		0.80	0.78

Notes: CR, composite reliability; AVE, average variance extracted; na, not available scores due to lack of data in ESS round 8, 2016. ^aItem was deleted due to a low loading on the latent construct (<0.70)

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Panel A: loading of indicators on the first-order constructs
				Loading		CR		AVE
Second-order construct	First-order construct	Indicators		2014	2016	2014	2016	2014	2016
Self-Transcendence	Universalism	(1) Important that people are treated equally and have equal opportunities		0.80	0.80	0.80	0.80	0.67	0.66
		(2) Important to understand different people		0.83	0.83
		(3) Important to care for nature and the environment^a		0.61	0.61
	Benevolence	(4) Important to be loyal to friends and devoted to people		0.83	0.85	0.83	0.85	0.71	0.73
		(5) Important to help people and care for others’ well-being		0.86	0.86
Conservatism	Tradition	(6) Important to be humble and modest, and not to draw attention to oneself		0.71	0.70	0.74	0.74	0.58	0.59
		(7) Important to follow traditions and customs		0.81	0.83
	Conformity	(8) Important to do what is told and follow rules		0.80	0.83	0.82	0.83	0.69	0.71
		(9) Important to behave properly		0.86	0.86
	Security	Important to live in secure and safe surroundings		0.85	0.84	0.83	0.82	0.71	0.70
		(10) Important that government is strong and ensures safety		0.83	0.84
Human capital expectancy		(11) Migrants Should have good educational qualifications		0.86	na	0.89	na	0.80	na
		(12) Migrants Should have work skills that the host country needs		0.93	na
Acculturation expectancy		(13) Be able to speak country’s official language(s)		0.84	na	0.81	na	0.68	na
		(14) Be committed to the way of life in the host country		0.82	na
Attitude towards migrants		(15) Immigration bad or good for a country’s economy?		0.84	0.87	0.90	0.92	0.76	0.79
		(16) The country’s cultural life undermined or enriched by immigrants?		0.88	0.90
		(17) Immigrants make the country a worse or a better place to live in?		0.88	0.89
Panel B: loading of the first-order constructs on the second-order value constructs
			Loading		CR		AVE		MSV
Second-order construct	First-order construct		2014	2016	2014	2016	2014	2016	2014	2016
Self-Transcendence	Universalism		0.96	0.97	0.73	0.83	0.73	0.71	0.20	0.17
	Benevolence		0.73	0.70
Conservatism	Tradition		0.76	0.78	0.60	0.82	0.60	0.61	0.12	0.12
	Conformity		0.78	0.78
	Security		0.80	0.78

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