Parameter estimates for causal paths
| Structural path | Beta | t-value | p-value | Test result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| H1. PC → SMF | 0.27 | 0.203 | 0.001 | Supported |
| H2. FoMO → SMF | −0.143 | −0.138 | 0.050 | Rejected |
| H3. SD → SMF | 0.04 | 0.028 | 0.442 | Rejected |
| H4. TC → SMF | 0.38 | 0.289 | 0.001 | Supported |
| H5. SMF → DoU | 0.41 | 0.477 | 0.001 | Supported |
| H6. SMF → IED | 0.16 | 0.249 | 0.007 | Supported |
| Structural path | Beta | Test result | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.27 | 0.203 | 0.001 | Supported | |
| −0.143 | −0.138 | 0.050 | Rejected | |
| 0.04 | 0.028 | 0.442 | Rejected | |
| 0.38 | 0.289 | 0.001 | Supported | |
| 0.41 | 0.477 | 0.001 | Supported | |
| 0.16 | 0.249 | 0.007 | Supported |
Note(s): Chi-square (486) = 1355.396; CFI = 0.93; TLI = 0.91; RMSEA = 0.064 (90% CI = 0.060–0.068); n = 444
Source(s): Author's own work
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