Table 7 Mean, standard deviation, and T...

Table 7

Mean, standard deviation, and T-test for effectiveness of PBL professional development survey

Variable	Time 1		Time 2		T-test
Variable	M	SD	M	SD	T
21st Century Skills	2.91	1.01	3.63	0.90	5.75***
An Entry Event	2.81	1.10	4.22	0.75	11.37***
A Driving Question	2.94	1.07	4.10	0.76	9.56***
A Project Calendar	2.34	1.09	4.06	0.88	13.33***
A Teaching and Learning Guide	3.02	1.02	3.99	0.68	8.50***
Authentic Project Assessment	2.70	1.07	3.97	0.76	10.42***
Using Rubrics	2.56	1.14	3.94	0.81	10.61***
Planning a PBL	2.92	0.98	3.96	0.76	9.16***
Implementing a PBL	3.07	1.08	3.90	0.76	6.78***

Variable	Time 1		Time 2		T-test
Variable	M	SD	M	SD	T
21st Century Skills	2.91	1.01	3.63	0.90	5.75***
An Entry Event	2.81	1.10	4.22	0.75	11.37***
A Driving Question	2.94	1.07	4.10	0.76	9.56***
A Project Calendar	2.34	1.09	4.06	0.88	13.33***
A Teaching and Learning Guide	3.02	1.02	3.99	0.68	8.50***
Authentic Project Assessment	2.70	1.07	3.97	0.76	10.42***
Using Rubrics	2.56	1.14	3.94	0.81	10.61***
Planning a PBL	2.92	0.98	3.96	0.76	9.16***
Implementing a PBL	3.07	1.08	3.90	0.76	6.78***

Note(s): *p < 0.05

The initial results showed that there is a statistically significant increase in each item before and after the designed professional development program

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