SEM results
Hypotheses | Predicted relationship | β | STDEV | t-value | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H1 | Perception → S Eng | −0.045 | 0.034 | 1.301 | 0.194 |
| H2 | Hedonic motivation → S Eng | 0.166 | 0.048 | 3.487 | 0.001** |
| H3 | Usefulness → S Eng | 0.146 | 0.042 | 3.459 | 0.001** |
| H4 | Empowerment → S Eng | 0.027 | 0.045 | 0.609 | 0.543 |
| H5 | Attitude → S Eng | 0.136 | 0.041 | 3.307 | 0.001** |
| Predicted relationship | β | STDEV | t-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Perception → S Eng | −0.045 | 0.034 | 1.301 | 0.194 | |
| Hedonic motivation → S Eng | 0.166 | 0.048 | 3.487 | 0.001** | |
| Usefulness → S Eng | 0.146 | 0.042 | 3.459 | 0.001** | |
| Empowerment → S Eng | 0.027 | 0.045 | 0.609 | 0.543 | |
| Attitude → S Eng | 0.136 | 0.041 | 3.307 | 0.001** |
Note(s): S Eng = Student Engagement; STDEV = Standard Deviation; SEM = Structural equation modelling and ** = significant at p < 0.01
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