Path model and indirect effects
| Hypothesised model | Effect | p-value | Remark | Retained/rejected |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SD → OP → OPE H4 | −0.438 | 0.001 | Negative and indirect effect | Retained |
| COV → OP → OPE H7 | −0.259 | 0.000 | Negative and indirect effect | Retained |
| COV → OP → CS H8 | 0.472 | 0.001 | Positive and indirect effect | Rejected |
| SD → OP → CS H10 | −0.065 | 0.508 | Negative and insignificant effect | Rejected |
| Hypothesised model | Effect | Remark | Retained/rejected | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SD → OP → OPE | −0.438 | 0.001 | Negative and indirect effect | Retained |
| COV → OP → OPE | −0.259 | 0.000 | Negative and indirect effect | Retained |
| COV → OP → CS | 0.472 | 0.001 | Positive and indirect effect | Rejected |
| SD → OP → CS | −0.065 | 0.508 | Negative and insignificant effect | Rejected |
Notes:
p < 0.05; where COV = Covid-19 pandemic; ORP = Organisation performance; OP = Organisational productivity; SD = Supply disruption; CS = Customer satisfaction
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