Table I.

ADF test

VariablesTest statisticCritical valueImplication
Level form
LINST−2.5143−3.6316Non-stationary
LINF−4.4857−3.6316Stationary
LFDI−3.2683−3.6278Non-stationary
LGNP−2.6748−3.6316Non-stationary
LXP−0.97975−3.6278Non-stationary
Differenced form
DINST−3.6755−2.9447Stationary
DINF−3.6614−2.9681Stationary
DFDI−3.9962−2.9753Stationary
DGNP−4.5725−2.9447Stationary
DXP−4.2765−2.9447Stationary
Source: Own elaboration

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