Table 3 Good practices of NOU and UT as... | Emerald Publishing

Table 3

Good practices of NOU and UT as institutions

Aspects	NOU	UT*
Institution character	Open online university Blended with face-to-face sessions and web-based conferences Online learning starting in 2005	Open and distance teaching university serving as a pioneering role to be a cyber university (Darojat et al., 2018; Darojat, 2019) Use of a combination of learning support including online, web-based, and face-to-face tutorials Online tutorials starting in 1999
Core value	Providing quality open and online higher education to lifelong learners	Making quality higher education open to all
Principles	Inclusive, Supportive, Convenient, Responsive	Quality, Integrity, Innovation, Accessibility, Relevance, Accountability
Missions	Reach out adults and lifelong learners	Reach out high school graduates, adults, those living in remote and rural areas, and everybody
Study programs offered	A limited range of undergraduate programs in Social Sciences, Living Sciences, Public Administration, Management Information, Business, Liberal Arts, and General Education Courses	A wide range of programs with very large number of students at all levels in four Faculties and The Graduate Program, and a total of 48 Study Programs at bachelor, master, and doctoral qualification levels (UT, 2019)
Provision of academic services	Provide academic services using its own resources in terms of academic staff, human resources, infrastructure and facilities Provide distance students with learning materials in printed and digital formats	Provide academic services supported with close partnerships with relevant institutions for academic services to its distance students Use resources of partner institutions, such as academic staff and practitioners serving as tutors and supervisors, examination proctors Use of infrastructure and facilities within easy access to its students to support students in face-to-face tutorials, practice, and practicum, and to conduct examination Provide distance students with learning materials in printed and digital formats
Teaching and learning responsibility	Academic staff responsible to schools for mediated, face-to-face, online teaching duties and research activities	Teaching and learning as shared responsibilities of the institutions involving academic staff members and practitioners from other institutions Face-to-face, online and mediated tutorial support by professionally trained tutors from UT’s own academic staff and many more from other institutions Monitoring and supervisory roles of teaching and learning using certain quality criteria by the UT academic members of staff
Tuition fees	Rely on student fees and government funding, cheaper fees for NOU students, half the fees of the face-to-face universities	Rely mostly on student fees and limited funding from the government, manage services effectively, and known as charging the lowest fees among universities in Indonesia
Major roles	A lifelong learning institution with an aim to become the paragon for lifelong learning for the global Chinese A major center for MOOCs in lifelong learning for Taiwanese people	Pioneering roles as cyber university (Darojat et al., 2018; Darojat, 2019) in providing online courses for students from other institutions A leading institution in implementing OEP, OER and MOOCs

Aspects	NOU	UT*
Institution character	Open online university Blended with face-to-face sessions and web-based conferences Online learning starting in 2005	Open and distance teaching university serving as a pioneering role to be a cyber university (Darojat et al., 2018; Darojat, 2019) Use of a combination of learning support including online, web-based, and face-to-face tutorials Online tutorials starting in 1999
Core value	Providing quality open and online higher education to lifelong learners	Making quality higher education open to all
Principles	Inclusive, Supportive, Convenient, Responsive	Quality, Integrity, Innovation, Accessibility, Relevance, Accountability
Missions	Reach out adults and lifelong learners	Reach out high school graduates, adults, those living in remote and rural areas, and everybody
Study programs offered	A limited range of undergraduate programs in Social Sciences, Living Sciences, Public Administration, Management Information, Business, Liberal Arts, and General Education Courses	A wide range of programs with very large number of students at all levels in four Faculties and The Graduate Program, and a total of 48 Study Programs at bachelor, master, and doctoral qualification levels (UT, 2019)
Provision of academic services	Provide academic services using its own resources in terms of academic staff, human resources, infrastructure and facilities Provide distance students with learning materials in printed and digital formats	Provide academic services supported with close partnerships with relevant institutions for academic services to its distance students Use resources of partner institutions, such as academic staff and practitioners serving as tutors and supervisors, examination proctors Use of infrastructure and facilities within easy access to its students to support students in face-to-face tutorials, practice, and practicum, and to conduct examination Provide distance students with learning materials in printed and digital formats
Teaching and learning responsibility	Academic staff responsible to schools for mediated, face-to-face, online teaching duties and research activities	Teaching and learning as shared responsibilities of the institutions involving academic staff members and practitioners from other institutions Face-to-face, online and mediated tutorial support by professionally trained tutors from UT’s own academic staff and many more from other institutions Monitoring and supervisory roles of teaching and learning using certain quality criteria by the UT academic members of staff
Tuition fees	Rely on student fees and government funding, cheaper fees for NOU students, half the fees of the face-to-face universities	Rely mostly on student fees and limited funding from the government, manage services effectively, and known as charging the lowest fees among universities in Indonesia
Major roles	A lifelong learning institution with an aim to become the paragon for lifelong learning for the global Chinese A major center for MOOCs in lifelong learning for Taiwanese people	Pioneering roles as cyber university (Darojat et al., 2018; Darojat, 2019) in providing online courses for students from other institutions A leading institution in implementing OEP, OER and MOOCs

Source(s): *Updated and adapted from Zuhairi et al. (2019)