Table 6 Common challenges for... | Emerald Publishing

Table 6

Common challenges for improvement in lifelong learning for NOU and UT

Aspects	Common challenges for improvement for NOU and UT
Roles of open universities	Redefine roles of open universities, as technology advances and job requirements and competencies change Redesign programs and courses to meet the industry 4.0 requirements Educate students to enable students to become what they want to become in a changing world, or “Learning to Become” (UNESCO, 2019)
New technology	Invest in new technology for teaching and learning and management Enhance the use of technology with continuous training for students and staff Transformation into open online or cyber university demands new teaching and learning designs and strategies
Training for staff in digital age	Train and retrain staff in technology for teaching and learning in digital age Transform the teaching culture of staff in digital education Continuously upgrade staff competencies in new approaches of teaching and learning in digital age Develop management and staff attitudes and action plans to make new technology work effectively for teaching and learning and management in digital age Continuously develop digital literacies, competencies and empathy of staff with new technology in teaching and learning and management
Training for students in digital age	Train and retrain students in technology for learning in digital age Transform the learning culture of students in digital learning Develop attitudes and stepwise orientation to students to ensure new technology is used effectively in for learning in digital age Continuously develop digital literacies and competencies of students in digital learning
Competencies for industry 4.0	Students learn from well-designed programs and courses that develop the competencies and skills needed for the industry 4.0 world of work Prepare students and graduates for the industry 4.0 job requirements Develop the professional life skills and lifelong learning attitudes for the industry 4.0

Aspects	Common challenges for improvement for NOU and UT
Roles of open universities	Redefine roles of open universities, as technology advances and job requirements and competencies change Redesign programs and courses to meet the industry 4.0 requirements Educate students to enable students to become what they want to become in a changing world, or “Learning to Become” (UNESCO, 2019)
New technology	Invest in new technology for teaching and learning and management Enhance the use of technology with continuous training for students and staff Transformation into open online or cyber university demands new teaching and learning designs and strategies
Training for staff in digital age	Train and retrain staff in technology for teaching and learning in digital age Transform the teaching culture of staff in digital education Continuously upgrade staff competencies in new approaches of teaching and learning in digital age Develop management and staff attitudes and action plans to make new technology work effectively for teaching and learning and management in digital age Continuously develop digital literacies, competencies and empathy of staff with new technology in teaching and learning and management
Training for students in digital age	Train and retrain students in technology for learning in digital age Transform the learning culture of students in digital learning Develop attitudes and stepwise orientation to students to ensure new technology is used effectively in for learning in digital age Continuously develop digital literacies and competencies of students in digital learning
Competencies for industry 4.0	Students learn from well-designed programs and courses that develop the competencies and skills needed for the industry 4.0 world of work Prepare students and graduates for the industry 4.0 job requirements Develop the professional life skills and lifelong learning attitudes for the industry 4.0