Table 2

Survey dimensions and items and their validity and reliability

DimensionFormat of the itemsItemsLoadingsCRAVEα
UnderstandingThe company considers and understands the impact of digital technology on the following (Totally disagree (1) – Totally agree (7))1 Industry development0.8820.920.790.86
2 Digital projects0.867   
3 Competitive advantage0.923   
GoalsThe company has set goals related to the utilization of digital technology (Totally disagree (1) – Totally agree (7))1 Setting goals0.9340.940.840.91
2 Monitoring goals0.921   
3 Reaching goals0.901   
ResourcesThe company’s resources support digital projects (Totally disagree (1) – Totally agree (7))1 Financial resources0.8800.880.700.79
2 Human resources0.873   
3 Employee skills0.757   
ManagementManagement-related aspects related to digital technology (Totally disagree (1) – Totally agree (7))1 Awareness0.9360.920.780.85
2 Capability0.882   
3 Activity0.837   
ResponsibilitiesAbility of person in charge of digital projects (Totally disagree (1) – Totally agree (7))1 Appointment0.9030.900.820.77
2 Experience0.903   
PMMThe company utilizes PMM as follows (Totally disagree (1) – Totally agree (7))1 To support management0.9190.950.750.94
2 To provide business information0.892   
3 To link measures to strategic objectives0.887   
4 To report regularly on measurement information0.857   
5 To support strategic decisions0.839   
6 To develop ideas etc.0.834   
7 To impact the activities of the staff0.824   

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