Construct reliability, items and loadings
| Constructs | AVE | CR | Cronbach's alpha | Items | Loadings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Relational social constraints (RSC) | 0.50 | 0.794 | 0.720 | Relationship with government (SCC1) | 0.811 |
| Relationship with banks (SCC3) | 0.724 | ||||
| Relationship with friends and family (SCC2) | 0.650 | ||||
| Access to information (SCC13) | 0.610 | ||||
| Social cognitive constraints (SCoC) | 0.53 | 0.70 | 0.706 | Lack of self-motivation (SCC5) | 0.751 |
| Mental attitude towards business (SCC6) | 0.704 | ||||
| Social structure constraints (SSC) | 0.50 | 0.745 | 0.710 | Network size (SCC11) | 0.756 |
| Network diversity (SCC8) | 0.722 | ||||
| Network density (SCC4) | 0.627 | ||||
| Informal finance constraints (FinC1) | 0.517 | 0.757 | 0.70 | Access to loans from cooperatives (FC5) | 0.835 |
| Loan from friends and families (FC2) | 0.747 | ||||
| Lack of savings (FC1) | 0.544 | ||||
| Formal financial constraints (FinC2) | 0.765 | 0.867 | 0.723 | Access to loans from government (FC3) | 0.889 |
| Access to loans from banks (FC4) | 0.860 |
| Constructs | AVE | CR | Cronbach's alpha | Items | Loadings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Relational social constraints (RSC) | 0.50 | 0.794 | 0.720 | Relationship with government (SCC1) | 0.811 |
| Relationship with banks (SCC3) | 0.724 | ||||
| Relationship with friends and family (SCC2) | 0.650 | ||||
| Access to information (SCC13) | 0.610 | ||||
| Social cognitive constraints (SCoC) | 0.53 | 0.70 | 0.706 | Lack of self-motivation (SCC5) | 0.751 |
| Mental attitude towards business (SCC6) | 0.704 | ||||
| Social structure constraints (SSC) | 0.50 | 0.745 | 0.710 | Network size (SCC11) | 0.756 |
| Network diversity (SCC8) | 0.722 | ||||
| Network density (SCC4) | 0.627 | ||||
| Informal finance constraints (FinC1) | 0.517 | 0.757 | 0.70 | Access to loans from cooperatives (FC5) | 0.835 |
| Loan from friends and families (FC2) | 0.747 | ||||
| Lack of savings (FC1) | 0.544 | ||||
| Formal financial constraints (FinC2) | 0.765 | 0.867 | 0.723 | Access to loans from government (FC3) | 0.889 |
| Access to loans from banks (FC4) | 0.860 |
Source(s): Authors' own compilation