Table 2

Construct reliability, items and loadings

ConstructsAVECRCronbach's alphaItemsLoadings
Relational social constraints (RSC)0.500.7940.720Relationship with government (SCC1)0.811
    Relationship with banks (SCC3)0.724
    Relationship with friends and family (SCC2)0.650
    Access to information (SCC13)0.610
Social cognitive constraints (SCoC)0.530.700.706Lack of self-motivation (SCC5)0.751
    Mental attitude towards business (SCC6)0.704
Social structure constraints (SSC)0.500.7450.710Network size (SCC11)0.756
     Network diversity (SCC8)0.722
Network density (SCC4)0.627
Informal finance constraints (FinC1)0.5170.7570.70Access to loans from cooperatives (FC5)0.835
Loan from friends and families (FC2)0.747
Lack of savings (FC1)0.544
Formal financial constraints (FinC2)0.7650.8670.723Access to loans from government (FC3)0.889
    Access to loans from banks (FC4)0.860

Source(s): Authors' own compilation

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