αbond values for sand suggested by the FHWA manual (FHWA, 2005)
| Description | Grout-to-ground bond ultimate strength: kPa | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type A | Type B | Type C | Type D | |
| Sand (some silt) (fine, loose−medium dense) | 70–145 | 70–190 | 95–190 | 95–240 |
| Sand (some silt, gravel) | 95–215 | 120–360 | 145–360 | 145–385 |
| Description | Grout-to-ground bond ultimate strength: kPa | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type A | Type B | Type C | Type D | |
| Sand (some silt) (fine, loose−medium dense) | 70–145 | 70–190 | 95–190 | 95–240 |
| Sand (some silt, gravel) | 95–215 | 120–360 | 145–360 | 145–385 |
Type A: Gravity grout only.
Type B: Pressure grouted through the casing during casing withdrawal.
Type C: Primary grout placed under gravity head, then one phase of secondary ‘global’ pressure grouting.
Type D: Primary grout placed under gravity head, then one or more phases of secondary ‘global’ pressure grouting.
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