Table 1. Items forming the pillar of... | Emerald Publishing

Table 1.

Items forming the pillar of innovation

Factors	Definition
Capacity for innovation	The companies’ capacity to innovate in a country
Quality of scientific research institutions	The quality of scientific research institutions in a country
Company spending on R&D	The company’s investment in (R&D) in a country
University–Industry collaboration in R&D	The collaboration between companies and universities in R&D in a country
Government procurement of advanced technology products	How much government purchasing decisions promote innovation in the country
Availability of scientists and engineers	The availability of scientists and engineers in the country
PCT patent applications	The number of applications filed under the PCT per million population in a country 2013–2014 average

Factors	Definition
Capacity for innovation	The companies’ capacity to innovate in a country
Quality of scientific research institutions	The quality of scientific research institutions in a country
Company spending on R&D	The company’s investment in (R&D) in a country
University–Industry collaboration in R&D	The collaboration between companies and universities in R&D in a country
Government procurement of advanced technology products	How much government purchasing decisions promote innovation in the country
Availability of scientists and engineers	The availability of scientists and engineers in the country
PCT patent applications	The number of applications filed under the PCT per million population in a country 2013–2014 average

Source: Adapted from Schwab et al. (2017)