Table 3. Results of pairwise comparisons...

Table 3.

Results of pairwise comparisons

Factors	Compared groups	Mean differences	Sig.
Capacity for innovation	Group 1 vs Group 2	−0.248	0.045
	Group 1 vs Group 3	−1.350	<0.001
	Group 2 vs Group 3	−1.102	<0.001
Quality of scientific research institutions	Group 1 vs Group 2	−0.433	0.002
	Group 1 vs Group 3	−2.030	<0.001
	Group 2 vs Group 3	−1.597	<0.001
Company spending on R&D	Group 1 vs Group 2	−0.213	0.178
	Group 1 vs Group 3	−1.652	<0.001
	Group 2 vs Group 3	−1.439	0.000
University–Industry collaboration in R&D	Group 1 vs Group 2	−0.171	0.354
	Group 1 vs Group 3	−1.475	<0.001
	Group 2 vs Group 3	−1.303	<0.001
Government procurement of advanced technology products	Group 1 vs Group 2	0.065	0.857
	Group 1 vs Group 3	−0.596	<0.001
	Group 2 vs Group 3	−0.661	<0.001
Availability of scientists and engineers	Group 1 vs Group 2	−0.371	0.003
	Group 1 vs Group 3	−1.286	<0.001
	Group 2 vs Group 3	−0.915	<0.001
PCT patent applications	Group 1 vs Group 2	−3.967	0.917
	Group 1 vs Group 3	−118.676	<0.001
	Group 2 vs Group 3	−114.709	<0.001

Factors	Compared groups	Mean differences	Sig.
Capacity for innovation	Group 1 vs Group 2	−0.248	0.045
	Group 1 vs Group 3	−1.350	<0.001
	Group 2 vs Group 3	−1.102	<0.001
Quality of scientific research institutions	Group 1 vs Group 2	−0.433	0.002
	Group 1 vs Group 3	−2.030	<0.001
	Group 2 vs Group 3	−1.597	<0.001
Company spending on R&D	Group 1 vs Group 2	−0.213	0.178
	Group 1 vs Group 3	−1.652	<0.001
	Group 2 vs Group 3	−1.439	0.000
University–Industry collaboration in R&D	Group 1 vs Group 2	−0.171	0.354
	Group 1 vs Group 3	−1.475	<0.001
	Group 2 vs Group 3	−1.303	<0.001
Government procurement of advanced technology products	Group 1 vs Group 2	0.065	0.857
	Group 1 vs Group 3	−0.596	<0.001
	Group 2 vs Group 3	−0.661	<0.001
Availability of scientists and engineers	Group 1 vs Group 2	−0.371	0.003
	Group 1 vs Group 3	−1.286	<0.001
	Group 2 vs Group 3	−0.915	<0.001
PCT patent applications	Group 1 vs Group 2	−3.967	0.917
	Group 1 vs Group 3	−118.676	<0.001
	Group 2 vs Group 3	−114.709	<0.001

Source: Elaborated by the authors