Table 2 Lean waste Lean waste... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2

Lean waste

Lean waste	Explanation
Overproduction	To produce things that are not required by customers. Leads to waste of resources Kang and Manyonge (2014)
Waiting	Waiting due to slow process or unnecessary delays because of wasteful activities Kang and Manyonge (2014)
Transportation	Moving items from one place to another, rather than delivering them to the point of use. This can be reduced by implementing a standardized approach to processes in the workplace setting Kang and Manyonge (2014)
Over-processing	Overprocessing or doing extra work to create a product. Extra work adds extra steps and nonvalue-added activities to the process Kang and Manyonge (2014)
Excess Inventory	Items or inventory that is not required by the customer. This leads to storage of unwanted items and waste of resources, such as space, time, and money Kang and Manyonge (2014)
Defects	Deviation from standard design or the customer's expectations that would lead to waste of resources. The final product does not meet the customer's expectations; so it is either not purchased or creates dissatisfaction Kang and Manyonge (2014)
Excess motion	Wasteful motion that does not add any value to the manufacturing process. Standardized processes and clear roles and responsibilities can help in avoiding excess motion Kang and Manyonge (2014)

Lean waste	Explanation
Overproduction	To produce things that are not required by customers. Leads to waste of resources Kang and Manyonge (2014)
Waiting	Waiting due to slow process or unnecessary delays because of wasteful activities Kang and Manyonge (2014)
Transportation	Moving items from one place to another, rather than delivering them to the point of use. This can be reduced by implementing a standardized approach to processes in the workplace setting Kang and Manyonge (2014)
Over-processing	Overprocessing or doing extra work to create a product. Extra work adds extra steps and nonvalue-added activities to the process Kang and Manyonge (2014)
Excess Inventory	Items or inventory that is not required by the customer. This leads to storage of unwanted items and waste of resources, such as space, time, and money Kang and Manyonge (2014)
Defects	Deviation from standard design or the customer's expectations that would lead to waste of resources. The final product does not meet the customer's expectations; so it is either not purchased or creates dissatisfaction Kang and Manyonge (2014)
Excess motion	Wasteful motion that does not add any value to the manufacturing process. Standardized processes and clear roles and responsibilities can help in avoiding excess motion Kang and Manyonge (2014)