Table I. Summary of studies that use (or...

Table I.

Summary of studies that use (or are based on) Gil et al..’s (2000) scale

			Metric properties
Authors	Sample size and country	Items	α/CR	CV	DV	Factors	Observations
De Magistris (2004)	n = 200 Italy	9	n/a	n/a	n/a	2	Items in Italian Likert-type 1-5
Radman (2005)	n = 179 Croatia	3 +2 outer	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	Items reworded Likert-type 1-5
Chen (2007) Chen (2009)	n = 470 Taiwan	9	0.75	n/a	n/a	1	Likert-type 1-7^a
De Magistris and Gracia (2008)	n = 200 Italy	3	0.65	Yes	Yes	1	Items reworded Likert-type 1-5
Ureña et al. (2008)	n = 464 Spain	9 +2 outer	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	Items reworded Likert-type 1-5
Ventura-Lucas et al. (2008)	n = 214 Portugal n = 205 Germany	9	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	Items reworded Likert 1-5
Stolz et al. (2011)	n = 886 Germany	2 +1 outer	n/a	n/a	n/a	2	Items reworded Likert 1-5
Ventura-Lucas and Marreiros (2013)	n = 214 Portugal	8	n/a	n/a	n/a	3	Items reworded Likert 1-5
Braga Junior et al. (2014)	n = 60 Brazil	4	0.88	Yes	Yes	1	Items in Portuguese Likert-type 1-7
Mehra and Ratna (2014)	n = 94 India	2 +3 outer	n/a	n/a	n/a	2	Items reworded Likert 1-5
Teng and Wang (2015)	n = 693 Taiwan	4	0.87	Yes	n/a	1	Items reworded Likert-type 1-7
Attieh (2015)	n = 372 Lebanon	9	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	Original items^a Likert-type 1-5
Rojas–Méndez et al. (2015)	n = 137 Canada	4	0.82	n/a	n/a	1	Likert-type 1-7
Drugova (2019)	n = 1,009 USA	7	n/a	n/a	n/a	2	Items reworded Likert 1-5

			Metric properties
Authors	Sample size and country	Items	α/CR	CV	DV	Factors	Observations
De Magistris (2004)	n = 200 Italy	9	n/a	n/a	n/a	2	Items in ItalianLikert-type 1-5
Radman (2005)	n = 179 Croatia	3+2 outer	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	Items rewordedLikert-type 1-5
Chen (2007)Chen (2009)	n = 470 Taiwan	9	0.75	n/a	n/a	1	Likert-type 1-7^a
De Magistris and Gracia (2008)	n = 200 Italy	3	0.65	Yes	Yes	1	Items rewordedLikert-type 1-5
Ureña et al. (2008)	n = 464 Spain	9+2 outer	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	Items rewordedLikert-type 1-5
Ventura-Lucas et al. (2008)	n = 214 Portugaln = 205 Germany	9	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	Items rewordedLikert 1-5
Stolz et al. (2011)	n = 886 Germany	2+1 outer	n/a	n/a	n/a	2	Items rewordedLikert 1-5
Ventura-Lucas and Marreiros (2013)	n = 214 Portugal	8	n/a	n/a	n/a	3	Items rewordedLikert 1-5
Braga Junior et al. (2014)	n = 60 Brazil	4	0.88	Yes	Yes	1	Items in PortugueseLikert-type 1-7
Mehra and Ratna (2014)	n = 94 India	2+3 outer	n/a	n/a	n/a	2	Items rewordedLikert 1-5
Teng and Wang (2015)	n = 693 Taiwan	4	0.87	Yes	n/a	1	Items rewordedLikert-type 1-7
Attieh (2015)	n = 372 Lebanon	9	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	Original items^aLikert-type 1-5
Rojas–Méndez et al. (2015)	n = 137 Canada	4	0.82	n/a	n/a	1	Likert-type 1-7
Drugova (2019)	n = 1,009 USA	7	n/a	n/a	n/a	2	Items rewordedLikert 1-5

Notes:

N = sample size; α = Cronbach’s alpha; CV = convergent validity; DV = discriminant validity; CR = composite reliability; outer = external items; n/a = not available; ^athe scale was administered in other languages

Source: Compiled by the authors

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