Background characteristics and learning environment scale scores in the sample (n = 175)
| Characteristics | Scale range | Value | Std. value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Background variables | |||
| Age (M [SD]) | 22.9 (4.7) | ||
| Female gender (n [%]) | 141 (80.6) | ||
| Prior higher education (n [%]) | 75 (42.9) | ||
| Time spent on self-study (M [SD]) | 9.0 (6.2) | ||
| Learning environment scales | |||
| Clear goals and standards (M [SD]) | 5-25 | 16.7 (3.9) | 3.3 |
| Emphasis on independence (M [SD]) | 6-30 | 18.5 (4.0) | 3.1 |
| Good teaching (M [SD]) | 8-40 | 27.2 (6.1) | 3.4 |
| Appropriate workload (M [SD]) | 5-25 | 15.2 (3.7) | 3.0 |
| Generic skills (M [SD]) | 6-30 | 22.8 (4.0) | 3.8 |
| Education program satisfaction (M [SD]) | 1-5 | 3.9 (1.0) | 3.9 |
| Characteristics | Scale range | Value | Std. value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (M [SD]) | 22.9 (4.7) | ||
| Female gender ( | 141 (80.6) | ||
| Prior higher education ( | 75 (42.9) | ||
| Time spent on self-study (M [SD]) | 9.0 (6.2) | ||
| Clear goals and standards (M [SD]) | 5-25 | 16.7 (3.9) | 3.3 |
| Emphasis on independence (M [SD]) | 6-30 | 18.5 (4.0) | 3.1 |
| Good teaching (M [SD]) | 8-40 | 27.2 (6.1) | 3.4 |
| Appropriate workload (M [SD]) | 5-25 | 15.2 (3.7) | 3.0 |
| Generic skills (M [SD]) | 6-30 | 22.8 (4.0) | 3.8 |
| Education program satisfaction (M [SD]) | 1-5 | 3.9 (1.0) | 3.9 |
Notes:
All learning environment items are scored 1-5. Thus, the scale score range is a result of the number of items on the scale. The standardized scores (std. value) are scale scores divided by the number of items on the scale
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