Table 4.

Second-order CFA results (VCC)

Construct VCC (adapted from Busser and Shulga, 2018)Standardized coefficientst-valueR2
Meaningfulness (CR = 0.95; AVE = 0.79)
(VCC_M1) My activities at Naturalista have meaningful to me0.92*0.84
(VCC_M2) The work that I do at Naturalista is important to me0.9437.860.89
(VCC_M3) The time I spend to Naturalista is worthwhile0.8217.190.67
(VCC_M4) My activities at Naturalista are valuable to me0.9124.500.82
(VCC_M5) My effort at Naturalista is worthwhile0.8528.960.72
Collaboration (CR = 0.94; AVE = 0.76)
(VCC_CL1) We are a team0.86*0.74
(VCC_CL2) We create it together0.8222.660.68
(VCC_CL3) We work together0.9030.690.81
(VCC_CL4) We cooperate with each other0.9026.680.80
(VCC_CL5) We collaborate on the project0.8820.040.78
Contribution (CR = 0.92; AVE = 0.75)
(VCC_CT1) I share my knowledge0.82*0.68
(VCC_CT2) I contribute my skills0.9617.910.92
(VCC_CT3) I contribute with my experience0.9316.940.87
(VCC_CT4) I contribute with my resources0.7310.700.53
Recognition (CR = 0.90; AVE = 0.69)
(VCC_R1) I receive credit for my observations0.86*0.73
(VCC_R2) Our results are recognize0.9528.900.90
(VCC_R3) Others recognize the outcome0.8521.180.73
(VCC_R4) We achieve mutual benefit0.6411.880.40
Affective response (CR = 0.95; AVE = 0.80)
(VCC_AR1) It is fun0.91*0.84
(VCC_AR2) It is entertaining0.9747.430.93
(VCC_AR3) It is enjoyable0.9528.840.90
(VCC_AR4) It is interesting0.8414.190.71
(VCC_AR5) It is exciting0.7925.870.62
User value co-creation (VCC) (CR = 0.84; AVE = 0.51)
VCC → Meaningfulness0.75*0.56
VCC → Collaboration0.7413.940.55
VCC → Contribution0.7512.040.56
VCC → Recognition0.6113.890.37
VCC → Affective response0.7212.840.52

Note: (*) Parameter fixed at 1 to provide scale to the model

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