Table 2 Taxonomy of low, medium and high...

Table 2

Taxonomy of low, medium and high spending countries – Key variables

Ed as percentage of GDP		ED as percentage of Govt Exp		Govt exp percentage of GDP
Low		Low		Low
DRC	1.5	Somalia	4.3	Somalia	0.0
CAR	1.8	Angola	6.0	Madagascar	9.9
Angola	1.8	Nigeria	7.0	CAR	10.1
Guinea	1.8	Liberia	8.2	Sudan	10.3
Mauritania	1.9	CAR	9.8	Ethiopia	10.8
Liberia	2.3	Mauritania	10.2	Cameroon	11.7
Chad	2.4	Rwanda	10.8	Uganda	11.8
Uganda	2.6	Gambia, The	11.0	Mali	12.4
Gabon	2.8	Uganda	11.0	Togo	13.5
Gambia, The	2.9	Seychelles	11.1	Gabon	13.7
Madagascar	2.9	Guinea	12.4
Guinea-Bissau	2.9	Niger	13.0
Benin	3.0	Lesotho	13.1
Average	2.4		9.8		10.4
Middle		Middle		Middle
Cameroon	3.1	DRC	14.0	Tanzania	14.6
Rwanda	3.4	Cameroon	14.1	Guinea-Bissau	14.6
Mali	3.4	Gabon	14.2	Côte d’Ivoire	14.9
Niger	3.5	Chad	14.2	Malawi	15.2
Tanzania	3.5	Malawi	14.6	Angola	15.6
Zimbabwe	3.6	Mali	14.6	Burkina Faso	17.2
Côte d’Ivoire	3.7	Cabo Verde	15.2	Ghana	18.1
Malawi	3.7	Zambia	15.3	Congo, Rep.	18.4
Congo, Rep.	3.9	Botswana	15.4	Rwanda	18.7
Seychelles	3.9	Madagascar	16.4	Zimbabwe	19.2
Ghana	4.0	Congo, Rep.	16.7	Senegal	19.8
Zambia	4.5	Côte d’Ivoire	17.4	Mozambique	19.9
Mauritius	4.7	STP	17.6
Cabo Verde	4.7	Benin	17.7
Average	3.8		15.5		17.2
High		High		High
Togo	5.0	Senegal	18.3	Zambia	20.1
Kenya	5.0	Ghana	18.6	Mauritius	23.5
Burundi	5.0	Mauritius	18.7	Zambia	20.1
Ethiopia	5.0	Burundi	18.9	Mauritius	23.5
Senegal	5.3	Kenya	19.0	Kenya	24.8
Eswatini	5.6	Zimbabwe	19.0	Botswana	26.5
Burkina Faso	5.8	Mozambique	19.0	Cabo Verde	28.4
STP	5.9	South Africa	19.6	Seychelles	32.0
Mozambique	6.2	Tanzania	20.5	Namibia	33.1
South Africa	6.5	Burkina Faso	22.0	South Africa	37.7
Botswana	6.9	Togo	22.0	Lesotho	39.9
Sierra Leone	7.4	Ethiopia	24.0
Lesotho	7.8	Namibia	26.4
Namibia	9.5	Sierra Leone	35.0
Average	6.2		21.5		28.1

Ed as percentage of GDP		ED as percentage of Govt Exp		Govt exp percentage of GDP
Low		Low		Low
DRC	1.5	Somalia	4.3	Somalia	0.0
CAR	1.8	Angola	6.0	Madagascar	9.9
Angola	1.8	Nigeria	7.0	CAR	10.1
Guinea	1.8	Liberia	8.2	Sudan	10.3
Mauritania	1.9	CAR	9.8	Ethiopia	10.8
Liberia	2.3	Mauritania	10.2	Cameroon	11.7
Chad	2.4	Rwanda	10.8	Uganda	11.8
Uganda	2.6	Gambia, The	11.0	Mali	12.4
Gabon	2.8	Uganda	11.0	Togo	13.5
Gambia, The	2.9	Seychelles	11.1	Gabon	13.7
Madagascar	2.9	Guinea	12.4
Guinea-Bissau	2.9	Niger	13.0
Benin	3.0	Lesotho	13.1
Average	2.4		9.8		10.4
Middle		Middle		Middle
Cameroon	3.1	DRC	14.0	Tanzania	14.6
Rwanda	3.4	Cameroon	14.1	Guinea-Bissau	14.6
Mali	3.4	Gabon	14.2	Côte d’Ivoire	14.9
Niger	3.5	Chad	14.2	Malawi	15.2
Tanzania	3.5	Malawi	14.6	Angola	15.6
Zimbabwe	3.6	Mali	14.6	Burkina Faso	17.2
Côte d’Ivoire	3.7	Cabo Verde	15.2	Ghana	18.1
Malawi	3.7	Zambia	15.3	Congo, Rep.	18.4
Congo, Rep.	3.9	Botswana	15.4	Rwanda	18.7
Seychelles	3.9	Madagascar	16.4	Zimbabwe	19.2
Ghana	4.0	Congo, Rep.	16.7	Senegal	19.8
Zambia	4.5	Côte d’Ivoire	17.4	Mozambique	19.9
Mauritius	4.7	STP	17.6
Cabo Verde	4.7	Benin	17.7
Average	3.8		15.5		17.2
High		High		High
Togo	5.0	Senegal	18.3	Zambia	20.1
Kenya	5.0	Ghana	18.6	Mauritius	23.5
Burundi	5.0	Mauritius	18.7	Zambia	20.1
Ethiopia	5.0	Burundi	18.9	Mauritius	23.5
Senegal	5.3	Kenya	19.0	Kenya	24.8
Eswatini	5.6	Zimbabwe	19.0	Botswana	26.5
Burkina Faso	5.8	Mozambique	19.0	Cabo Verde	28.4
STP	5.9	South Africa	19.6	Seychelles	32.0
Mozambique	6.2	Tanzania	20.5	Namibia	33.1
South Africa	6.5	Burkina Faso	22.0	South Africa	37.7
Botswana	6.9	Togo	22.0	Lesotho	39.9
Sierra Leone	7.4	Ethiopia	24.0
Lesotho	7.8	Namibia	26.4
Namibia	9.5	Sierra Leone	35.0
Average	6.2		21.5		28.1

Note(s): These parameters for each country are derived independently in the World Bank datasets using country validated returns. As a result they are not always consistent in terms of X = S * E

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