Table 2.

Estimated coefficients of the dummy variables Central, South, East and North European countries in a probit model for each dependent variable, controlling for industry, size and age of the establishment, with the dummy variable of Spain as omitted variable

CentralSouthEastNorthAnglo
Digitalization0.070.01−0.050.130.04
On the job training−0.09−0.01−0.120.070.07
Delegation0.080.01−0.100.200.09
Self-managed teams0.07−0.02−0.030.20−0.02
Voice work organization0.140.080.130.400.20
Decentralized collective bargaining−0.03−0.01−0.020.140.08
Trust0.06−0.090.170.300.21

Notes:

Definition of the variables: Take value of 1 if the answer is yes and zero otherwise:

Digitalization: At least 80% of the employees of the establishment use computers or laptops to carry out daily tasks.

On the job training: At least 80% of the employees of the establishment participate in training sessions on the premises during paid work time.

Delegation: Managers create an environment in which employees can autonomously carry out their tasks.

Self-managed teams: Team members decide among themselves how tasks are distributed within the team.

Employees’ voice: Managers organize regular meetings with employees to involve them in the organization of work.

Decentralized collective bargaining: Wages set by collective agreement at the company or establishment level.

Trust: Managers of the establishment trust the employees’ representatives to a large extent.

Italic numbers mean estimated coefficients significantly different from zero at p < 0.05 or less

Source: Own elaboration with CES data
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