CSIR and CSR as two ends of the same continuum
| Corporate social irresponsibility | Corporate social responsibility |
|---|---|
| Environmental degradation and pollution are inevitable and little precaution is taken | Environmental degradation and pollution is not inevitable and should not be tolerated, and it is important to raise awareness and commit to action |
| Employees are a resource to be exploited | Employees are a resource to be valued |
| Only basic, and sometimes reluctant, compliance with legislation pertaining to CSR | Compliance with, as well as policy and practical actions that go beyond the minimum legislative requirements for CSR |
| Ethical issues are on the periphery | Ethical issues are central to the organization |
| New technologies should be developed and introduced to the market | New technologies should be developed, tested, evaluated and only introduced to the market if they do not cause harm |
| Treating suppliers and customers unfairly | Working fairly with suppliers and customers |
| Sustainability defined in terms of business survival | Sustainability defined in terms of business, environmental and community survival and mutual growth |
| Profit is the sole purpose of business and should be achieved at any cost | Profit is one of many purposes of business and should be achieved, but not at any cost |
| Corporate social irresponsibility | Corporate social responsibility |
|---|---|
| Environmental degradation and pollution are inevitable and little precaution is taken | Environmental degradation and pollution is not inevitable and should not be tolerated, and it is important to raise awareness and commit to action |
| Employees are a resource to be exploited | Employees are a resource to be valued |
| Only basic, and sometimes reluctant, compliance with legislation pertaining to CSR | Compliance with, as well as policy and practical actions that go beyond the minimum legislative requirements for CSR |
| Ethical issues are on the periphery | Ethical issues are central to the organization |
| New technologies should be developed and introduced to the market | New technologies should be developed, tested, evaluated and only introduced to the market if they do not cause harm |
| Treating suppliers and customers unfairly | Working fairly with suppliers and customers |
| Sustainability defined in terms of business survival | Sustainability defined in terms of business, environmental and community survival and mutual growth |
| Profit is the sole purpose of business and should be achieved at any cost | Profit is one of many purposes of business and should be achieved, but not at any cost |
Sources: Table included in page 1808 in Murphy and Schlegelmilch (2013) work and adapted from Jones et al. (2009) work