Table A1.

Vector auto regression lag order selection criteria for obtaining the appropriate lag length to apply the Granger causality

VAR lag order selection criteria
 LagLogLLRFPEAICSCHQ
0−13.68123NA  0.007509 0.784061 0.868505 0.814594
1 66.41170 148.1719 0.000167−3.020585−2.767253−2.928988
2 69.84805 6.013602 0.000172−2.992402−2.570183−2.839741
3 86.82970 28.01973 9.05e-05−3.641485 −3.050377* −3.427759*
4 87.18016 0.543213 0.000110−3.459008−2.699012−3.184218
5 96.58246  13.63333*  8.47e-05* −3.729123*−2.800239−3.393268
6 100.0101 4.627365 8.90e-05−3.700507−2.602735−3.303587
7 100.6895 0.849149 0.000108−3.534473−2.267813−3.076489
8 106.1650 6.296847 0.000104−3.608249−2.172701−3.089200

Notes:

*Indicates lag order selected by the criterion; LR: sequential modified LR test statistic (each test at 5% level); FPE: final prediction error; AIC: Akaike information criterion; SC: Schwarz information criterion; HQ: Hannan-Quinn information criterion

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