Table 5. Comparison of the mean NFD... | Emerald Publishing

Table 5.

Comparison of the mean NFD extent total index and the mean NFD sub-indices before and after implementation of the directive (2015 versus 2017)

		EN		LP		HR		CI		AC		NFD extent total index
Period	n	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Before implementation (2015)	134	0.336	0.395	0.269	0.390	0.200	0.362	0.304	0.398	0.168	0.360	0.255	0.349
After implementation (2017)	134	0.851	0.234	0.849	0.231	0.677	0.340	0.729	0.310	0.728	0.321	0.767	0.239
Change (%)		153	−41	216	−41	239	−6	140	−22	333	−11	199	−32
Z		8.751***		9.033***		8.170***		7.935***		8.584***		9.201***

		EN		LP		HR		CI		AC		NFD extenttotal index
Period	n	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Before implementation (2015)	134	0.336	0.395	0.269	0.390	0.200	0.362	0.304	0.398	0.168	0.360	0.255	0.349
After implementation (2017)	134	0.851	0.234	0.849	0.231	0.677	0.340	0.729	0.310	0.728	0.321	0.767	0.239
Change (%)		153	−41	216	−41	239	−6	140	−22	333	−11	199	−32
Z		8.751***		9.033***		8.170***		7.935***		8.584***		9.201***

Notes:

*p < 0.10; **p < 0.05; ***p < 0.01

Source: Own elaboration