Table 1 Reliability, convergent validity...

Table 1

Reliability, convergent validity and items' loadings

Construct	Items	Total (N = 359)			Abusive (N = 89)			Exploitative (N = 93)			Org-directed (N = 93)			Laissez-faire (N = 84)
Construct	Items	Load	CR	AVE	Load	CR	AVE	Load	CR	AVE	Load	CR	AVE	Load	CR	AVE
Coproduction	Followers should be on the lookout for suggestions they can offer to superiors	0.72	0.88	0.64	0.78	0.86	0.60	0.75	0.89	0.68	0.70	0.88	0.65	0.65	0.86	0.61
	Followers should proactively identify problems that could affect the organization	0.88			0.84			0.91			0.92			0.82
	Followers should be proactive in thinking about things that could go wrong	0.86			0.76			0.89			0.88			0.88
	Followers should communicate their opinions even when they know leaders may disagree	0.73			0.73			0.74			0.69			0.77
Constructive Resistance	I would explain that it should be done in a different way	0.89	0.94	0.79	0.89	0.94	0.79	0.91	0.94	0.68	0.88	0.94	0.78	0.90	0.95	0.81
	I would convince my supervisor to reassess whether or not the task is worthwhile	0.90			0.90			0.91			0.89			0.91
	I would explain that the task would not yield the expected benefits	0.89			0.92			0.84			0.92			0.89
	I would present logical reasons for doing the task differently or at a different time	0.88			0.84			0.90			0.86			0.90
Dysfunctional Resistance	I would ignore my supervisor	0.74	0.89	0.66	0.71	0.86	0.60	0.78	0.91	0.71	0.74	0.85	0.60	0.71	0.90	0.70
	I would pay no attention to my supervisor	0.82			0.77			0.82			0.86			0.85
	I would act as if I had never asked to do so	0.80			0.83			0.88			0.62			0.85
	I would disregard what this supervisor says	0.88			0.80			0.90			0.84			0.93
Sense of power	My wishes would not carry much weight	0.71	0.87	0.63	0.58	0.85	0.58	0.91	0.90	0.69	0.66	0.86	0.62	0.84	0.77	0.47
	Even if I voice them, my views would have little sway	0.80			0.73			0.87			0.86			0.32
	My ideas and opinions would be often ignored	0.74			0.78			0.67			0.71			0.84
	Even when I tried, I would not be able to get my way	0.91			0.93			0.84			0.89			0.63
Negative affect	Frightened	0.94	0.88	0.79	0.93	0.90	0.81	0.95	0.87	0.77	0.92	0.90	0.82	0.93	0.84	0.72
Negative affect	Tormented	0.83	0.88	0.79	0.87	0.90	0.81	0.80	0.87	0.77	0.89	0.90	0.82	0.77	0.84	0.72
Positive affect	Enthusiastic	0.90	0.93	0.87	0.96	0.93	0.87	0.96	0.97	0.93	0.86	0.91	0.83	0.96	0.88	0.78
Positive affect	Inspired	0.96	0.93	0.87	0.91	0.93	0.87	0.97	0.97	0.93	0.96	0.91	0.83	0.81	0.88	0.78
Destructive leader	Breaks promises he/she makes/Sees employees as a means to reach his or her personal goals./Falsifies documents/Reacts to failure	–	–	–	0.69	0.91	0.78	0.96	0.96	0.90	0.84	0.85	0.66	0.84	0.90	0.75
	Puts me down in front of others/Uses my work to get himself or herself noticed./Steals company property and resources/Avoids deciding	–			0.96			0.96			0.92			0.88
	Ridicules me/Puts me under pressure to reach his or her goals/Violates company policy/rules/Delays responding	–			0.97			0.92			0.66			0.87

Construct	Items	Total (N = 359)			Abusive (N = 89)			Exploitative (N = 93)			Org-directed (N = 93)			Laissez-faire (N = 84)
Construct	Items	Load	CR	AVE	Load	CR	AVE	Load	CR	AVE	Load	CR	AVE	Load	CR	AVE
Coproduction	Followers should be on the lookout for suggestions they can offer to superiors	0.72	0.88	0.64	0.78	0.86	0.60	0.75	0.89	0.68	0.70	0.88	0.65	0.65	0.86	0.61
	Followers should proactively identify problems that could affect the organization	0.88			0.84			0.91			0.92			0.82
	Followers should be proactive in thinking about things that could go wrong	0.86			0.76			0.89			0.88			0.88
	Followers should communicate their opinions even when they know leaders may disagree	0.73			0.73			0.74			0.69			0.77
Constructive Resistance	I would explain that it should be done in a different way	0.89	0.94	0.79	0.89	0.94	0.79	0.91	0.94	0.68	0.88	0.94	0.78	0.90	0.95	0.81
	I would convince my supervisor to reassess whether or not the task is worthwhile	0.90			0.90			0.91			0.89			0.91
	I would explain that the task would not yield the expected benefits	0.89			0.92			0.84			0.92			0.89
	I would present logical reasons for doing the task differently or at a different time	0.88			0.84			0.90			0.86			0.90
Dysfunctional Resistance	I would ignore my supervisor	0.74	0.89	0.66	0.71	0.86	0.60	0.78	0.91	0.71	0.74	0.85	0.60	0.71	0.90	0.70
	I would pay no attention to my supervisor	0.82			0.77			0.82			0.86			0.85
	I would act as if I had never asked to do so	0.80			0.83			0.88			0.62			0.85
	I would disregard what this supervisor says	0.88			0.80			0.90			0.84			0.93
Sense of power	My wishes would not carry much weight	0.71	0.87	0.63	0.58	0.85	0.58	0.91	0.90	0.69	0.66	0.86	0.62	0.84	0.77	0.47
	Even if I voice them, my views would have little sway	0.80			0.73			0.87			0.86			0.32
	My ideas and opinions would be often ignored	0.74			0.78			0.67			0.71			0.84
	Even when I tried, I would not be able to get my way	0.91			0.93			0.84			0.89			0.63
Negative affect	Frightened	0.94	0.88	0.79	0.93	0.90	0.81	0.95	0.87	0.77	0.92	0.90	0.82	0.93	0.84	0.72
Negative affect	Tormented	0.83	0.88	0.79	0.87	0.90	0.81	0.80	0.87	0.77	0.89	0.90	0.82	0.77	0.84	0.72
Positive affect	Enthusiastic	0.90	0.93	0.87	0.96	0.93	0.87	0.96	0.97	0.93	0.86	0.91	0.83	0.96	0.88	0.78
Positive affect	Inspired	0.96	0.93	0.87	0.91	0.93	0.87	0.97	0.97	0.93	0.96	0.91	0.83	0.81	0.88	0.78
Destructive leader	Breaks promises he/she makes/Sees employees as a means to reach his or her personal goals./Falsifies documents/Reacts to failure	–	–	–	0.69	0.91	0.78	0.96	0.96	0.90	0.84	0.85	0.66	0.84	0.90	0.75
	Puts me down in front of others/Uses my work to get himself or herself noticed./Steals company property and resources/Avoids deciding	–			0.96			0.96			0.92			0.88
	Ridicules me/Puts me under pressure to reach his or her goals/Violates company policy/rules/Delays responding	–			0.97			0.92			0.66			0.87

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