Table 3. The augmented Dickey-Fuller... | Emerald Publishing

Table 3.

The augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP) unit root test

Variable	ADF t-statistics	ADF @ 5% critical values	Order of integration	PP t-statistics	PP @ 5% critical values	Order of integration
RGDPGR	−3.8435	−2.9571	I(0)	−3.9265	−2.9571	I(0)
NMR	−5.036	−2.9604	I(1)	−4.6975	−2.9571	I(0)
logREMIT	−6.5139	−2.9604	I(1)	−6.5142	−2.9604	I(1)
PGR	−3.2528	−2.9678	I(0)	−1.9612	−1.9521	I(1)
SSE	−3.1008	−2.9604	I(0)	−3.9265	−2.9604	I(1)

Variable	ADF t-statistics	ADF @ 5% critical values	Order of integration	PP t-statistics	PP @ 5% critical values	Order of integration
RGDPGR	−3.8435	−2.9571	I(0)	−3.9265	−2.9571	I(0)
NMR	−5.036	−2.9604	I(1)	−4.6975	−2.9571	I(0)
logREMIT	−6.5139	−2.9604	I(1)	−6.5142	−2.9604	I(1)
PGR	−3.2528	−2.9678	I(0)	−1.9612	−1.9521	I(1)
SSE	−3.1008	−2.9604	I(0)	−3.9265	−2.9604	I(1)

Source: Researchers’ computation 2020