Table 2

Scale items

Governance structure (Van der Merwe et al., 2012)
  • 1) The family has a family forum that meets to discuss family and business matters

  • 2) Our family business has a formal document that describes the relationship between the family and the business

  • 3) Family members hold regular scheduled meetings concerning our family business

  • 4) Our family business has written plans to guide actions and decisions in the business

  • 5) Our family business has a standing agreement on how to address issues that may arise in the business

  • 6) We undertake formal strategic planning for our family business

Management succession planning (Sharma et al., 2003 )
  • 7) During the succession process explicit efforts are made to train successor for future role in the family business

  • 8) During the succession process explicit attention is given to familiarize successor with employees in the family business

  • 9) The decision of who the successor has been clearly communicated to family members active in the business

  • 10) The decision of who the successor had been clearly communicated to the key employees

  • 11) During the succession process explicit attention was given to familiarize the potential successors with the business

Perceived success of succession process (Venter et al., 2005)
  • 1) The family business has performed well or better since the management/leadership of the business transferred to successor

  • 2) The family business has proved to be sustainable since the management/leadership of the business transferred to successor

  • 3) The relationship among family members are positive after the management/leadership of the business transferred to successor

  • 4) All family members involved in the family business are satisfied with succession process

  • 5) The retired owner satisfied with succession process

  • 6) I improved the revenue and profits of the family business after the leadership or management of the business handed over to successor

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