Changes over time in the use of personality descriptors for the positive poles of the factors, positive poles of the facets
| Intercept | Year | Salary | Type of function | δ GDP | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fc | % | ICC | est | var | se | z | est | var | se | z | est | se | z | est | se | z | est | se | z |
| Extraversion (I+) | |||||||||||||||||||
| 1+ | 35.88 | 0.15 | −0.73 | 0.29 | 0.03 | −21.87 | 1.34 | 0.28 | 0.04 | 35.61 | −0.09 | 0.02 | −4.86 | 0.14 | 0.04 | 3.24 | 0.24 | 0.02 | 13.32 |
| 2+ | 3.07 | 0.41 | −5.03 | 2.75 | 0.17 | −29.08 | 0.86 | 0.58 | 0.14 | 6.12 | −0.10 | 0.05 | −2.12 | −0.14 | 0.11 | −1.30 | −0.07 | 0.05 | −1.44 |
| 3+ | 3.11 | 0.38 | −5.06 | 2.27 | 0.16 | −32.11 | 1.14 | 0.93 | 0.13 | 8.72 | 0.23 | 0.05 | 5.12 | 0.48 | 0.10 | 4.81 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 1.45 |
| 4+ | 16.21 | 0.33 | −2.85 | 1.43 | 0.08 | −36.02 | 1.61 | 0.68 | 0.07 | 23.54 | 0.16 | 0.02 | 6.80 | 0.09 | 0.06 | 1.70 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 1.40 |
| 5+ | 29.41 | 0.20 | −1.33 | 0.58 | 0.04 | −31.14 | 1.07 | 0.29 | 0.04 | 27.71 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 2.53 | 0.28 | 0.04 | 6.55 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 4.40 |
| 54.43 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.42 | 0.04 | 5.29 | 1.68 | 0.37 | 0.04 | 40.67 | −0.02 | 0.02 | −1.21 | 0.33 | 0.04 | 7.42 | 0.18 | 0.02 | 10.27 | |
| Agreeableness (II+) | |||||||||||||||||||
| 1+ | 21.72 | 0.21 | −1.67 | 0.95 | 0.05 | −31.61 | 0.93 | 0.72 | 0.05 | 18.04 | −0.03 | 0.02 | −1.25 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.19 | 0.14 | 0.02 | 6.84 |
| 2+ | 0.00 | 0.98 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 3+ | 1.28 | 0.40 | −5.85 | 1.93 | 0.21 | −27.97 | 0.66 | 0.38 | 0.18 | 3.72 | 0.04 | 0.07 | 0.56 | 0.69 | 0.14 | 4.77 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.99 |
| 4+ | 5.98 | 0.27 | −4.30 | 0.99 | 0.12 | −36.64 | 1.70 | 0.37 | 0.09 | 18.45 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 1.11 | 0.53 | 0.07 | 7.30 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.80 |
| 5+ | 31.30 | 0.14 | −0.93 | 0.50 | 0.04 | −2.83 | 1.14 | 0.36 | 0.04 | 29.09 | −0.09 | 0.02 | −5.08 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.81 | 0.22 | 0.02 | 12.08 |
| 44.69 | 0.15 | −0.24 | 0.44 | 0.04 | −6.36 | 1.35 | 0.47 | 0.04 | 32.19 | −0.08 | 0.02 | −4.57 | 0.14 | 0.04 | 3.42 | 0.21 | 0.02 | 12.55 | |
| Conscientiousness (III+) | |||||||||||||||||||
| 1+ | 5.32 | 0.14 | −3.25 | 0.47 | 0.06 | −52.12 | −0.34 | 0.39 | 0.06 | −6.07 | 0.00 | 0.03 | −0.06 | 0.00 | 0.08 | 0.03 | −0.02 | 0.03 | −0.68 |
| 2+ | 2.08 | 0.16 | −4.60 | 0.56 | 0.12 | −37.86 | 0.77 | 0.21 | 0.10 | 7.44 | −0.09 | 0.05 | −1.82 | 0.63 | 0.11 | 5.80 | 0.15 | 0.06 | 2.57 |
| 3+ | 3.97 | 0.20 | −4.03 | 0.85 | 0.09 | −42.52 | 0.90 | 0.14 | 0.08 | 11.54 | −0.33 | 0.04 | −8.72 | 0.17 | 0.09 | 1.95 | 0.20 | 0.04 | 4.45 |
| 4+ | 33.50 | 0.15 | −1.08 | 0.38 | 0.04 | −30.29 | 0.67 | 0.20 | 0.03 | 21.31 | 0.18 | 0.02 | 10.10 | 0.59 | 0.04 | 14.78 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.64 |
| 5+ | 1.29 | 0.39 | −6.14 | 2.60 | 0.28 | −21.94 | 1.67 | 0.73 | 0.22 | 7.53 | −0.21 | 0.07 | −3.18 | −0.66 | 0.19 | −3.57 | 0.20 | 0.09 | 2.38 |
| 39.97 | 0.12 | −0.71 | 0.32 | 0.03 | −21.85 | 0.62 | 0.18 | 0.03 | 21.69 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 5.58 | 0.56 | 0.04 | 14.52 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.09 | |
| Emotional stability (IV+) | |||||||||||||||||||
| 1+ | 3.92 | 0.31 | −5.00 | 2.02 | 0.14 | −34.98 | 1.51 | 0.53 | 0.11 | 14.15 | 0.12 | 0.04 | 3.14 | 0.97 | 0.08 | 11.66 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.46 |
| 2+ | 0.97 | 0.66 | −8.06 | 9.09 | 0.44 | −18.30 | 1.98 | 2.36 | 0.34 | 5.83 | 0.16 | 0.08 | 2.01 | 0.88 | 0.17 | 5.30 | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.74 |
| 3+ | 9.66 | 0.18 | −2.83 | 0.68 | 0.06 | −48.34 | 0.41 | 0.32 | 0.05 | 7.95 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 2.66 | 0.34 | 0.06 | 5.71 | 0.17 | 0.03 | 6.28 |
| 4+ | 0.00 | 0.98 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 5+ | 39.65 | 0.10 | −0.54 | 0.21 | 0.03 | −18.90 | 0.75 | 0.13 | 0.03 | 28.27 | −0.12 | 0.02 | −7.30 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 1.94 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 4.70 |
| 45.90 | 0.11 | −0.28 | 0.26 | 0.03 | −9.46 | 0.77 | 0.14 | 0.03 | 28.41 | −0.09 | 0.02 | −5.51 | 0.18 | 0.04 | 4.77 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 5.08 | |
| Openness to new experiences (V+) | |||||||||||||||||||
| 1+ | 203 | 0.49 | −6.90 | 5.83 | 0.35 | −19.93 | 2.06 | 2.63 | 0.27 | 7.70 | 0.18 | 0.06 | 3.04 | −0.14 | 0.14 | −1.03 | −0.10 | 0.07 | −1.45 |
| 2+ | 4.28 | 0.37 | −4.92 | 1.75 | 0.16 | −31.21 | 1.52 | 0.69 | 0.13 | 12.07 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 1.77 | 0.46 | 0.09 | 5.10 | −0.14 | 0.04 | −3.09 |
| 3+ | 5.86 | 0.29 | −4.24 | 1.15 | 0.11 | −37.91 | 1.45 | 0.32 | 0.09 | 16.40 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 2.51 | 0.60 | 0.08 | 7.98 | −0.06 | 0.04 | −1.63 |
| 4+ | 22.79 | 0.23 | −1.91 | 0.62 | 0.05 | −38.46 | 1.18 | 0.21 | 0.04 | 27.82 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 3.90 | 0.14 | 0.05 | 3.05 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 5.52 |
| 5+ | 8.26 | 0.18 | −2.95 | 0.65 | 0.06 | −48.66 | 0.66 | 0.23 | 0.05 | 12.76 | 0.17 | 0.03 | 5.90 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 1.17 | 0.19 | 0.03 | 6.43 |
| 30.82 | 0.21 | −1.34 | 0.46 | 0.04 | −32.86 | 1.24 | 0.20 | 0.04 | 33.67 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 5.94 | 0.24 | 0.04 | 5.58 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 6.09 | |
| Intercept | Year | Salary | Type of function | δ GDP | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fc | % | ICC | est | var | se | est | var | se | est | se | est | se | est | se | |||||
| 1+ | 35.88 | 0.15 | −0.73 | 0.29 | 0.03 | −21.87 | 1.34 | 0.28 | 0.04 | 35.61 | −0.09 | 0.02 | −4.86 | 0.14 | 0.04 | 3.24 | 0.24 | 0.02 | 13.32 |
| 2+ | 3.07 | 0.41 | −5.03 | 2.75 | 0.17 | −29.08 | 0.86 | 0.58 | 0.14 | 6.12 | −0.10 | 0.05 | −2.12 | −0.14 | 0.11 | −1.30 | −0.07 | 0.05 | −1.44 |
| 3+ | 3.11 | 0.38 | −5.06 | 2.27 | 0.16 | −32.11 | 1.14 | 0.93 | 0.13 | 8.72 | 0.23 | 0.05 | 5.12 | 0.48 | 0.10 | 4.81 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 1.45 |
| 4+ | 16.21 | 0.33 | −2.85 | 1.43 | 0.08 | −36.02 | 1.61 | 0.68 | 0.07 | 23.54 | 0.16 | 0.02 | 6.80 | 0.09 | 0.06 | 1.70 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 1.40 |
| 5+ | 29.41 | 0.20 | −1.33 | 0.58 | 0.04 | −31.14 | 1.07 | 0.29 | 0.04 | 27.71 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 2.53 | 0.28 | 0.04 | 6.55 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 4.40 |
| 1+ | 21.72 | 0.21 | −1.67 | 0.95 | 0.05 | −31.61 | 0.93 | 0.72 | 0.05 | 18.04 | −0.03 | 0.02 | −1.25 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.19 | 0.14 | 0.02 | 6.84 |
| 2+ | 0.00 | 0.98 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 3+ | 1.28 | 0.40 | −5.85 | 1.93 | 0.21 | −27.97 | 0.66 | 0.38 | 0.18 | 3.72 | 0.04 | 0.07 | 0.56 | 0.69 | 0.14 | 4.77 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.99 |
| 4+ | 5.98 | 0.27 | −4.30 | 0.99 | 0.12 | −36.64 | 1.70 | 0.37 | 0.09 | 18.45 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 1.11 | 0.53 | 0.07 | 7.30 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.80 |
| 5+ | 31.30 | 0.14 | −0.93 | 0.50 | 0.04 | −2.83 | 1.14 | 0.36 | 0.04 | 29.09 | −0.09 | 0.02 | −5.08 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.81 | 0.22 | 0.02 | 12.08 |
| 1+ | 5.32 | 0.14 | −3.25 | 0.47 | 0.06 | −52.12 | −0.34 | 0.39 | 0.06 | −6.07 | 0.00 | 0.03 | −0.06 | 0.00 | 0.08 | 0.03 | −0.02 | 0.03 | −0.68 |
| 2+ | 2.08 | 0.16 | −4.60 | 0.56 | 0.12 | −37.86 | 0.77 | 0.21 | 0.10 | 7.44 | −0.09 | 0.05 | −1.82 | 0.63 | 0.11 | 5.80 | 0.15 | 0.06 | 2.57 |
| 3+ | 3.97 | 0.20 | −4.03 | 0.85 | 0.09 | −42.52 | 0.90 | 0.14 | 0.08 | 11.54 | −0.33 | 0.04 | −8.72 | 0.17 | 0.09 | 1.95 | 0.20 | 0.04 | 4.45 |
| 4+ | 33.50 | 0.15 | −1.08 | 0.38 | 0.04 | −30.29 | 0.67 | 0.20 | 0.03 | 21.31 | 0.18 | 0.02 | 10.10 | 0.59 | 0.04 | 14.78 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.64 |
| 5+ | 1.29 | 0.39 | −6.14 | 2.60 | 0.28 | −21.94 | 1.67 | 0.73 | 0.22 | 7.53 | −0.21 | 0.07 | −3.18 | −0.66 | 0.19 | −3.57 | 0.20 | 0.09 | 2.38 |
| 1+ | 3.92 | 0.31 | −5.00 | 2.02 | 0.14 | −34.98 | 1.51 | 0.53 | 0.11 | 14.15 | 0.12 | 0.04 | 3.14 | 0.97 | 0.08 | 11.66 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.46 |
| 2+ | 0.97 | 0.66 | −8.06 | 9.09 | 0.44 | −18.30 | 1.98 | 2.36 | 0.34 | 5.83 | 0.16 | 0.08 | 2.01 | 0.88 | 0.17 | 5.30 | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.74 |
| 3+ | 9.66 | 0.18 | −2.83 | 0.68 | 0.06 | −48.34 | 0.41 | 0.32 | 0.05 | 7.95 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 2.66 | 0.34 | 0.06 | 5.71 | 0.17 | 0.03 | 6.28 |
| 4+ | 0.00 | 0.98 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 5+ | 39.65 | 0.10 | −0.54 | 0.21 | 0.03 | −18.90 | 0.75 | 0.13 | 0.03 | 28.27 | −0.12 | 0.02 | −7.30 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 1.94 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 4.70 |
| 1+ | 203 | 0.49 | −6.90 | 5.83 | 0.35 | −19.93 | 2.06 | 2.63 | 0.27 | 7.70 | 0.18 | 0.06 | 3.04 | −0.14 | 0.14 | −1.03 | −0.10 | 0.07 | −1.45 |
| 2+ | 4.28 | 0.37 | −4.92 | 1.75 | 0.16 | −31.21 | 1.52 | 0.69 | 0.13 | 12.07 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 1.77 | 0.46 | 0.09 | 5.10 | −0.14 | 0.04 | −3.09 |
| 3+ | 5.86 | 0.29 | −4.24 | 1.15 | 0.11 | −37.91 | 1.45 | 0.32 | 0.09 | 16.40 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 2.51 | 0.60 | 0.08 | 7.98 | −0.06 | 0.04 | −1.63 |
| 4+ | 22.79 | 0.23 | −1.91 | 0.62 | 0.05 | −38.46 | 1.18 | 0.21 | 0.04 | 27.82 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 3.90 | 0.14 | 0.05 | 3.05 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 5.52 |
| 5+ | 8.26 | 0.18 | −2.95 | 0.65 | 0.06 | −48.66 | 0.66 | 0.23 | 0.05 | 12.76 | 0.17 | 0.03 | 5.90 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 1.17 | 0.19 | 0.03 | 6.43 |
Notes: The results for the multilevel analyses at the factor level are printed in italics. Fc = Positive pole of the facet; % = Percent of job ads that contained at least one occurrence of a personality descriptor, including germane variations; ICC = Interclass correlation; est = estimated regression coefficient; var = variance of the estimated regression coefficient across municipalities; se = standard error of the estimated regression coefficient; z = z-statistic of the estimated regression coefficient, z-values larger than 1.96 or smaller than −1.96 are considered statistically significant. No multilevel regression model could be estimated for clusters (II+, 2+) and (IV+; 4+), because barely any job ads contained personality descriptors related to these clusters
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