Table 1 Framework to apply and integrate... | Emerald Publishing

Table 1

Framework to apply and integrate PM process between HOs and donors to improve CE and LTE, adapted from (Forslund and Jonsson, 2007)

PM process activities	RQ1. How can the PM process among HOs and donors be applied for CE and LTE?	Operationalization of RQ1	RQ2. To what level is the PM process between HOs and donors integrated, and how can integration be increased to improve CE and LTE?	Operationalization of RQ2 (low/high level)
Selecting performance variables	Which performance variables are selected?	Transportation costs (CE), deviation from project budget (CE), average hours spent on training staff (LTE), on-time reporting to donors (LTE), goods-to-delivery time (LTE), etc. (Anjomshoae et al., 2017)	Do you agree with HOs/donors when selecting performance variables?	Low: do not agree with HOs/donors when selecting performance variables	High: agree with HOs/donors when selecting performance variables
Defining metrics	For each performance variable, how are metrics defined?	the payment date–date of sourcing request (LTE), the total number of items that fall below minimum stock/total number of essential items x 100% (LTE), the sum of all costs associated with a plan to source and plan to deliver (CE), etc. (Lu et al., 2016)	Are metrics defined with the HOs/donors and/or by using a metric dictionary?	Low: do not define metrics or do not have a metric dictionary together with HOs/donors	High: define metrics or a metric dictionary together with HOs/donors
Setting targets	Are targets set as average or specific?	Average or specific target	Are specific targets set together with HOs/donors?	Low: No, specific targets are not set together with HOs/donors	High: Yes, specific targets are set together with HOs/donors
Measuring	How frequently is measuring conducted? How are measurement reports communicated?	daily, weekly, monthly or yearly? through e-mail/fax/phone? through other electronic technologies, e.g. electronic data interchange (EDI), enterprise resource planning (ERP)? (Bagchi and Skjoett-Larsen, 2002)	How frequently is measuring conducted and communicated with HOs/donors?	Low: low frequency of measuring and communicating with HOs/donors using e-mail/fax/phone	High: high frequency of measuring and communicating with HOs/donors using electronic technologies or Web portals
Analyzing/acting	What analysis and actions are taken?	Meetings, goal alignment, etc	Which of these are performed together with HOs/donors?	Low: no joint analysis and improvement actions	High: joint analysis and improvement actions

PM process activities	RQ1. How can the PM process among HOs and donors be applied for CE and LTE?	Operationalization of RQ1	RQ2. To what level is the PM process between HOs and donors integrated, and how can integration be increased to improve CE and LTE?	Operationalization of RQ2 (low/high level)
Selecting performance variables	Which performance variables are selected?	Transportation costs (CE), deviation from project budget (CE), average hours spent on training staff (LTE), on-time reporting to donors (LTE), goods-to-delivery time (LTE), etc. (Anjomshoae et al., 2017)	Do you agree with HOs/donors when selecting performance variables?	Low: do not agree with HOs/donors when selecting performance variables	High: agree with HOs/donors when selecting performance variables
Defining metrics	For each performance variable, how are metrics defined?	the payment date–date of sourcing request (LTE), the total number of items that fall below minimum stock/total number of essential items x 100% (LTE), the sum of all costs associated with a plan to source and plan to deliver (CE), etc. (Lu et al., 2016)	Are metrics defined with the HOs/donors and/or by using a metric dictionary?	Low: do not define metrics or do not have a metric dictionary together with HOs/donors	High: define metrics or a metric dictionary together with HOs/donors
Setting targets	Are targets set as average or specific?	Average or specific target	Are specific targets set together with HOs/donors?	Low: No, specific targets are not set together with HOs/donors	High: Yes, specific targets are set together with HOs/donors
Measuring	How frequently is measuring conducted?How are measurement reports communicated?	daily, weekly, monthly or yearly?through e-mail/fax/phone? through other electronic technologies, e.g. electronic data interchange (EDI), enterprise resource planning (ERP)? (Bagchi and Skjoett-Larsen, 2002)	How frequently is measuring conducted and communicated with HOs/donors?	Low: low frequency of measuring and communicating with HOs/donors using e-mail/fax/phone	High: high frequency of measuring and communicating with HOs/donors using electronic technologies or Web portals
Analyzing/acting	What analysis and actions are taken?	Meetings, goal alignment, etc	Which of these are performed together with HOs/donors?	Low: no joint analysis and improvement actions	High: joint analysis and improvement actions

Source:

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