Sample selection process
| Panel A: Sample selection procedure | ||
|---|---|---|
| Initial population of industrial firms with required data for estimating variables derived from the TSE database for the sample period 2009–2013 | 507 | |
| Less | Firms with noncalendar fiscal year end | 6 |
| Less | Firms with missing or insufficient variable data | 12 |
| Less | Firms with fiscal year change during 2009–2013 | 6 |
| Less | Firms operating in banking industry as well as financial and investment institutions | 10 |
| Less | Nonrestating firms | 301 |
| Equal | Total firms in sample | 172 |
| Panel A: Sample selection procedure | ||
|---|---|---|
| Initial population of industrial firms with required data for estimating variables derived from the TSE database for the sample period 2009–2013 | 507 | |
| Less | Firms with noncalendar fiscal year end | 6 |
| Less | Firms with missing or insufficient variable data | 12 |
| Less | Firms with fiscal year change during 2009–2013 | 6 |
| Less | Firms operating in banking industry as well as financial and investment institutions | 10 |
| Less | Nonrestating firms | 301 |
| Equal | Total firms in sample | 172 |
| Panel B: No. of firms by Industry | ||
|---|---|---|
| Industry | Frequency | Percentage |
| Telecommunications | 13 | 7.55 |
| Construction | 13 | 7.55 |
| Automotive | 13 | 7.55 |
| Electronics and Computer | 10 | 5.81 |
| Mining and Metal Products | 13 | 7.55 |
| Non-Metallic Minerals | 12 | 6.97 |
| Cement and Plaster | 15 | 8.72 |
| Metals | 14 | 8.13 |
| Agriculture and Animal Husbandry | 11 | 6.39 |
| Rubber and Plastic | 11 | 6.39 |
| Machine Tools | 13 | 7.55 |
| Oil, Gas and Petrochemicals | 13 | 7.55 |
| Food | 13 | 7.55 |
| Pharmaceuticals and Healthcare | 13 | 7.55 |
| Total | 172 | 100 |
| Panel B: No. of firms by Industry | ||
|---|---|---|
| Industry | Frequency | Percentage |
| Telecommunications | 13 | 7.55 |
| Construction | 13 | 7.55 |
| Automotive | 13 | 7.55 |
| Electronics and Computer | 10 | 5.81 |
| Mining and Metal Products | 13 | 7.55 |
| Non-Metallic Minerals | 12 | 6.97 |
| Cement and Plaster | 15 | 8.72 |
| Metals | 14 | 8.13 |
| Agriculture and Animal Husbandry | 11 | 6.39 |
| Rubber and Plastic | 11 | 6.39 |
| Machine Tools | 13 | 7.55 |
| Oil, Gas and Petrochemicals | 13 | 7.55 |
| Food | 13 | 7.55 |
| Pharmaceuticals and Healthcare | 13 | 7.55 |
| Total | 172 | 100 |
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