Table 4

Labor performance: comparison between SOEs and private firms across selected emerging Asian countries

ChinaIndiaIndonesiaMalaysiaVietnam
SOEsPrivate firmsSOEsPrivate firmsSOEsPrivate firmsSOEsPrivate firmsSOEsPrivate firms
Average number of years of education of a typical permanent full-time production worker (l9a)*9.910.212.59.811.010.6811.38.8310.710.66
Average percentages of full-time permanent workers who completed secondary school (l9b)59.1%60.1%77.5%50.8%66.5%70.1%61.5%79.2%97.1%92.2%
Percentages of firms that have formal training programs for its permanent, full-time employees (l10)94.7%84.7%100.0%42.4%66.7%12.7%25.0%30.9%33.3%24.6%
Percentages of firms that terminate any permanent full-time workers due to lack of the required skills (eal12)0.0%6.5%0.0%12.8%20.0%25.1%
Percentages of firms that terminate any permanent full-time workers due to poor performance (eal13)16.7%9.7%0.0%24.2%26.7%28.5%

Note(s): Percentages are calculated based on number of firms responded with specific numbers (not leaving blank answers)

Source(s): Authors' calculations based on 2018 World Bank Enterprises Survey Data

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