Table I

Structural model results: path coefficients and percentile bootstrap confidence intervals (CI)

X→HH→Y
Origin of valuesEstimate95% CIEstimate95% CI
True value0.4000.600
Three-stage approach0.400(0.193; 0.597)0.600(0.429; 0.774)
Repeated indicators approach, original0.000(−0.000; 0.007)0.500(0.354; 0.643)
Repeated indicators approach, alternative0.333(0.180; 0.497)0.500(0.353; 0.643)
Two-stage approach0.335(0.167; 0.503)0.502(0.361; 0.646)
Hybrid approach0.084(−0.035; 0.208)0.470(0.322; 0.620)

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