Table 1 Summary of study characteristics...

Table 1

Summary of study characteristics from 15 studies

Article citation	Service providers	Specialty of first author	Study design, Participants	Status of participants	Setting
Akbarfahimi et al. (2020)	OT	Occupational therapy	RCT, N = 20, 38.6 years	MS patients EDSS < 6 MMSE > 23 PSQI: 5 or above	Institution
Asih et al. (2014)	Physician, OT, PT, Mental health and vocational professionals	Psychology	One group study, N = 262, 44.9 years Ethnicity: Caucasian (58.4%), African American (25.1%), Hispanic or Latino (15.3%)	4 groups: NCSI (0–7), STI (8–14), MCI (15–21), SCI (22–28)	Institute
Bolic Baric et al. (2021)	OT	Health, medicine and caring sciences	One group study, N = 85 (aged 7–17 [n = 48], 18–30 [n = 23] and 31–59 years [n = 14])	Prescribed a weighted blanket due to sleep problems Diagnosed as having ADHD and/or ASD	Home
Cheng et al. (2017)	OT	Occupational therapy	One group study, N = 7, 12.9 years	Apneaehypopnea Index (AHI) greater than 1.0	Home
Frazzitta et al. (2015)	OT, PT	Neurology	RCT, N = 138, 69.1 years	Hoehn-Yahr stage 2 or 3 MMSE > 26 Subjective complaints of sleep disturbances	Institution
Gee et al. (2016)	OT	Occupational therapy	Single subject design, N = 2, 4 years and 5 years	With ASD (Evidence of sleep disturbance according to the Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire)	Home
Gutman et al. (2017)	OT	Neurology	RCT, N = 30, 43.3 years, Ethnicity: White (82.8%), African American (6.9%), Asian (6.9%), Hispanic (3.4%)	Self-report poor sleep for at least 2 months	Home
Joseph (2018)	OT	Occupational therapy	RCT, N = 30, 32.1 years	With insomnia(onset: 3 months to 1 year) HAM-A: 18 or above	Institution
Kurasawa et al. (2020)	OT	Rehabilitation Sciences	One group study, N = 67, 9.6 years	Students of elementary school	School
Lawson and Little (2017)	OT	Occupational therapy	One group study, N = 10, 7.5 years Ethnicity: White (100%), and one family identified as Hispanic	With ASD	Institution
Leland et al. (2016)	OT	Occupational therapy	RCT, N = 217, 74.2 years Race: White (40%) Black or African-American (31%) Hispanic or Latino(21%) Asian (4%) Other (4%)	–	Home or Institution
McGhee et al. (2021)	OT	Occupational therapy	One group study, N = 12, 6.3 years	“Much more than others” on the SSP version 2 in either sensation-avoiding or sensitivity categories Identified sleep difficulties on the CSWS	Home
Oh et al. (2016)	PT, OT	Occupational therapy	One group study, N = 20, 61.0 years	COPD patients	Institution
Sheth (2016)	OT	Occupational therapy	RCT, N = 76, 69.6 years	Underwent joint replacement	Institution
Wan Yunus et al. (2020)	OT	Occupational therapy	RCT, N = 36, 22.9 years Race: Malay (33.3%) Chinese (66.7%)	Body mass index less than 25	Laboratory

Article citation	Service providers	Specialty of first author	Study design, Participants	Status of participants	Setting
Akbarfahimi et al. (2020)	OT	Occupational therapy	RCT, N = 20, 38.6 years	MS patientsEDSS < 6MMSE > 23PSQI: 5 or above	Institution
Asih et al. (2014)	Physician, OT, PT, Mental health and vocational professionals	Psychology	One group study, N = 262, 44.9 yearsEthnicity: Caucasian (58.4%), African American (25.1%), Hispanic or Latino (15.3%)	4 groups: NCSI (0–7), STI (8–14), MCI (15–21), SCI (22–28)	Institute
Bolic Baric et al. (2021)	OT	Health, medicine and caring sciences	One group study, N = 85 (aged 7–17 [n = 48], 18–30 [n = 23] and 31–59 years [n = 14])	Prescribed a weighted blanket due to sleep problemsDiagnosed as having ADHD and/or ASD	Home
Cheng et al. (2017)	OT	Occupational therapy	One group study, N = 7, 12.9 years	Apneaehypopnea Index (AHI) greater than 1.0	Home
Frazzitta et al. (2015)	OT, PT	Neurology	RCT, N = 138, 69.1 years	Hoehn-Yahr stage 2 or 3MMSE > 26Subjective complaints of sleep disturbances	Institution
Gee et al. (2016)	OT	Occupational therapy	Single subject design, N = 2, 4 years and 5 years	With ASD (Evidence of sleep disturbance according to the Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire)	Home
Gutman et al. (2017)	OT	Neurology	RCT, N = 30, 43.3 years,Ethnicity: White (82.8%), African American (6.9%), Asian (6.9%), Hispanic (3.4%)	Self-report poor sleep for at least 2 months	Home
Joseph (2018)	OT	Occupational therapy	RCT, N = 30, 32.1 years	With insomnia(onset: 3 months to 1 year)HAM-A: 18 or above	Institution
Kurasawa et al. (2020)	OT	Rehabilitation Sciences	One group study, N = 67, 9.6 years	Students of elementary school	School
Lawson and Little (2017)	OT	Occupational therapy	One group study, N = 10, 7.5 yearsEthnicity: White (100%), and one family identified as Hispanic	With ASD	Institution
Leland et al. (2016)	OT	Occupational therapy	RCT, N = 217, 74.2 yearsRace:White (40%)Black or African-American (31%)Hispanic or Latino(21%)Asian (4%)Other (4%)	–	Home or Institution
McGhee et al. (2021)	OT	Occupational therapy	One group study, N = 12, 6.3 years	“Much more than others” on the SSP version 2 in either sensation-avoiding or sensitivity categoriesIdentified sleep difficulties on the CSWS	Home
Oh et al. (2016)	PT, OT	Occupational therapy	One group study, N = 20, 61.0 years	COPD patients	Institution
Sheth (2016)	OT	Occupational therapy	RCT, N = 76, 69.6 years	Underwent joint replacement	Institution
Wan Yunus et al. (2020)	OT	Occupational therapy	RCT, N = 36, 22.9 yearsRace:Malay (33.3%)Chinese (66.7%)	Body mass index less than 25	Laboratory

Notes:

ASD = Autism spectrum disorder; BDI = Beck depression inventory; COPD = Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CSWS = Children’s sleep wake scale; EDSS = Expanded disability status score; HAM-A = Hamilton anxiety rating scale; HARS = Hamilton anxiety rating scales; ISI = Insomnia severity index; MCI = Moderate clinical insomnia; MMSE = Mini-mental status examination; MS = Multiple sclerosis; NCSI = No clinically significant insomnia; OT = Occupational therapist; PSQI = Pittsburgh sleep quality index); PT = Physical therapy; RCT = Randomized controlled trial; SCI = Severe clinical insomnia; SSP-2 = Short sensory profile-version 2; STI = Subthreshold insomnia

Source: Authors’ own work

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