Baseline model estimation results
| CZ | HU | PL | SK | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2013 | 2018 | 2013 | 2018 | 2013 | 2018 | 2013 | 2018 | |
| Β | 0.283*** | 0.471*** | 0.431*** | 0.214*** | 0.248*** | 0.221*** | 0.455*** | 0.608*** |
| τ | 1.428*** | 1.374*** | 1.431*** | 1.777*** | 1.636*** | 1.460*** | 1.239*** | 1.405*** |
| γ0 | 0.403*** | 0.464*** | 0.495*** | 0.429*** | 0.527*** | 0.569*** | 0.601*** | 0.466*** |
| Female contribution γ | 0.067*** | 0.058*** | 0.071*** | 0.019 | 0.070** | 0.096*** | 0.050** | 0.069*** |
| Education difference γ | 0.056*** | 0.003 | 0.022 | 0.035 | 0.021 | 0.000 | 0.022 | 0.040** |
| Age difference γ | −0.012 | −0.003 | −0.005 | −0.014 | −0.014 | 0.007 | 0.012 | 0.011 |
| Household income γ | 0.026 | 0.018 | 0.019 | 0.016 | −0.021 | −0.021 | −0.018 | 0.012 |
| Female | 0.072** | 0.064** | 0.039 | 0.070* | 0.005 | −0.015 | −0.138** | 0.030 |
| Secondary education | 0.011 | 0.087** | 0.073*** | 0.113*** | 0.048 | 0.058** | 0.021 | −0.027 |
| Tertiary education | 0.149*** | 0.152*** | 0.147*** | 0.244*** | 0.083* | 0.068* | 0.184*** | 0.137** |
| Age | 0.004*** | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.004*** | 0.002 | 0.006*** | 0.000 |
| Employed | 0.078* | −0.051 | −0.033 | 0.065 | −0.003 | 0.088** | 0.090 | 0.019 |
| MEM with great difficulty | −2.366*** | −2.423*** | −1.849*** | −2.392*** | −2.149*** | −2.062*** | −2.054*** | −1.886*** |
| MEM with difficulty | −1.769*** | −1.780*** | −1.324*** | −1.761*** | −1.569*** | −1.479*** | −1.414*** | −1.484*** |
| MEM with some difficulty | −1.196*** | −1.249*** | −0.832*** | −1.278*** | −1.187*** | −1.031*** | −1.148*** | −1.161*** |
| MEM fairly easily | −0.667*** | −0.737*** | −0.310 | −0.750*** | −0.640*** | −0.451*** | −0.679*** | −0.708*** |
| MEM easily | −0.439*** | −0.463*** | 0.089 | −0.307* | −0.342*** | −0.133* | −0.263 | −0.504** |
| Densely populated area | −0.033 | 0.068** | −0.155*** | −0.017 | −0.109*** | −0.020 | −0.105** | −0.038 |
| Medium populated area | −0.030 | 0.064** | −0.116*** | −0.050 | −0.029 | 0.016 | −0.112*** | −0.083** |
| Rooms | 0.002 | 0.006 | 0.003 | 0.045*** | 0.001 | 0.015 | 0.017 | |
| Owner | 0.123*** | 0.072** | −0.052 | 0.036 | −0.096* | −0.011 | 0.056 | −0.022 |
| Mortgage | 0.125** | −0.016 | −0.221*** | −0.032 | −0.007 | −0.116 | −0.086 | 0.030 |
| Constant | −1.752*** | −3.436*** | −2.554*** | −0.959** | −1.115*** | −1.173*** | −3.180*** | −4.226*** |
| CZ | HU | PL | SK | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2013 | 2018 | 2013 | 2018 | 2013 | 2018 | 2013 | 2018 | |
| 0.283*** | 0.471*** | 0.431*** | 0.214*** | 0.248*** | 0.221*** | 0.455*** | 0.608*** | |
| 1.428*** | 1.374*** | 1.431*** | 1.777*** | 1.636*** | 1.460*** | 1.239*** | 1.405*** | |
| 0.403*** | 0.464*** | 0.495*** | 0.429*** | 0.527*** | 0.569*** | 0.601*** | 0.466*** | |
| Female contribution | 0.067*** | 0.058*** | 0.071*** | 0.019 | 0.070** | 0.096*** | 0.050** | 0.069*** |
| Education difference | 0.056*** | 0.003 | 0.022 | 0.035 | 0.021 | 0.000 | 0.022 | 0.040** |
| Age difference | −0.012 | −0.003 | −0.005 | −0.014 | −0.014 | 0.007 | 0.012 | 0.011 |
| Household income | 0.026 | 0.018 | 0.019 | 0.016 | −0.021 | −0.021 | −0.018 | 0.012 |
| Female | 0.072** | 0.064** | 0.039 | 0.070* | 0.005 | −0.015 | −0.138** | 0.030 |
| Secondary education | 0.011 | 0.087** | 0.073*** | 0.113*** | 0.048 | 0.058** | 0.021 | −0.027 |
| Tertiary education | 0.149*** | 0.152*** | 0.147*** | 0.244*** | 0.083* | 0.068* | 0.184*** | 0.137** |
| Age | 0.004*** | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.004*** | 0.002 | 0.006*** | 0.000 |
| Employed | 0.078* | −0.051 | −0.033 | 0.065 | −0.003 | 0.088** | 0.090 | 0.019 |
| MEM with great difficulty | −2.366*** | −2.423*** | −1.849*** | −2.392*** | −2.149*** | −2.062*** | −2.054*** | −1.886*** |
| MEM with difficulty | −1.769*** | −1.780*** | −1.324*** | −1.761*** | −1.569*** | −1.479*** | −1.414*** | −1.484*** |
| MEM with some difficulty | −1.196*** | −1.249*** | −0.832*** | −1.278*** | −1.187*** | −1.031*** | −1.148*** | −1.161*** |
| MEM fairly easily | −0.667*** | −0.737*** | −0.310 | −0.750*** | −0.640*** | −0.451*** | −0.679*** | −0.708*** |
| MEM easily | −0.439*** | −0.463*** | 0.089 | −0.307* | −0.342*** | −0.133* | −0.263 | −0.504** |
| Densely populated area | −0.033 | 0.068** | −0.155*** | −0.017 | −0.109*** | −0.020 | −0.105** | −0.038 |
| Medium populated area | −0.030 | 0.064** | −0.116*** | −0.050 | −0.029 | 0.016 | −0.112*** | −0.083** |
| Rooms | 0.002 | 0.006 | 0.003 | 0.045*** | 0.001 | 0.015 | 0.017 | |
| Owner | 0.123*** | 0.072** | −0.052 | 0.036 | −0.096* | −0.011 | 0.056 | −0.022 |
| Mortgage | 0.125** | −0.016 | −0.221*** | −0.032 | −0.007 | −0.116 | −0.086 | 0.030 |
| Constant | −1.752*** | −3.436*** | −2.554*** | −0.959** | −1.115*** | −1.173*** | −3.180*** | −4.226*** |
Note(s): Nonlinear least squares. Dependent variable: satisfaction with financial situation (POLS transformation). ***denote a 1% significance level, **denote a 5% significance level and *denotes a 10% significance level. MEM stands for “make ends meet”
Source(s): EU-SILC cross UDB 2013 and 2018 – version of 2019–03; authors' calculations
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