Table IV

Measurement model evaluation for higher-order formative constructs

Higher-order formative constructFirst-order reflective constructsVIFWeight
EmpowermentCompetence1.8040.363***
 Meaning1.4620.355***
 Impact1.1910.257***
 Self-determination1.5850.346***

Notes: *p<0.10; **p<0.05; ***p<0.01

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