Table 4 Evolution of legislation and... | Emerald Publishing

Table 4

Evolution of legislation and guidance documents relevant to tsunami design and planning in Japan (adapted from EEFIT (2013))

Year	Summary of regulations
1959	Concerning the Prevention of Disasters to Buildings from Storm and Flood Damage (Housing Bureau Notification No. 42) Sets out the designation of disaster risk zones and states that schools, government offices, public halls and other community buildings should be sturdy and evacuation areas should be located higher than the predicted inundation depth.
1960	Building Standard Law of Japan (BSLJ) – Article 39 The 1960 update covers tsunami evacuation frameworks and the designation of high-risk areas. Verification of structural safety against tsunami load is not mandatory (Hitomitsu, 2011).
2004	Structural Design Method of Buildings for Tsunami Resistance – SDMBTR (Okada et al., 2004) SDMBTR quantifies tsunami forces on buildings (lateral tsunami force and the effect of buoyancy, as well as load combinations). Document in two parts: preliminary discussion and proposed design method (Fukuyama et al., 2012; Shibayama et al., 2013).
2005	Japan Cabinet Office Tsunami Evacuation Building Guidelines (Japan Cabinet Office, 2005) Aimed at municipal officers regarding the designation, location and usage of tsunami evacuation buildings. Appendix II (‘Basic View on Structural Requirements’) provides official design guidelines with reference to SDMBTR (see above) (Fukuyama et al., 2012; MLIT, 2011b).
Mar 2011	Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami (GEJE)
Nov 2011	The Design Method of Safe Buildings that are Structurally Resistant to Tsunamis (MLIT Technical Advice No. 2570) (MLIT, 2011b) Provides provisional amendments to the Japan Cabinet Office (2005)Tsunami Evacuation Building Guidelines based on information gathered after GEJE.
Dec 2011	Concerning Setting the Safe Structure Method for Tsunamis which are Presumed when Tsunami Inundation Occurs (MLIT Notification No. 1318) (MLIT, 2011a) Makes several recommendations for design and construction of buildings which are resistant to tsunami loading.

Year	Summary of regulations
1959	Concerning the Prevention of Disasters to Buildings from Storm and Flood Damage (Housing Bureau Notification No. 42)Sets out the designation of disaster risk zones and states that schools, government offices, public halls and other community buildings should be sturdy and evacuation areas should be located higher than the predicted inundation depth.
1960	Building Standard Law of Japan (BSLJ) – Article 39The 1960 update covers tsunami evacuation frameworks and the designation of high-risk areas. Verification of structural safety against tsunami load is not mandatory (Hitomitsu, 2011).
2004	Structural Design Method of Buildings for Tsunami Resistance – SDMBTR (Okada et al., 2004)SDMBTR quantifies tsunami forces on buildings (lateral tsunami force and the effect of buoyancy, as well as load combinations). Document in two parts: preliminary discussion and proposed design method (Fukuyama et al., 2012; Shibayama et al., 2013).
2005	Japan Cabinet Office Tsunami Evacuation Building Guidelines (Japan Cabinet Office, 2005)Aimed at municipal officers regarding the designation, location and usage of tsunami evacuation buildings. Appendix II (‘Basic View on Structural Requirements’) provides official design guidelines with reference to SDMBTR (see above) (Fukuyama et al., 2012; MLIT, 2011b).
Mar 2011	Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami (GEJE)
Nov 2011	The Design Method of Safe Buildings that are Structurally Resistant to Tsunamis (MLIT Technical Advice No. 2570) (MLIT, 2011b)Provides provisional amendments to the Japan Cabinet Office (2005)Tsunami Evacuation Building Guidelines based on information gathered after GEJE.
Dec 2011	Concerning Setting the Safe Structure Method for Tsunamis which are Presumed when Tsunami Inundation Occurs (MLIT Notification No. 1318) (MLIT, 2011a)Makes several recommendations for design and construction of buildings which are resistant to tsunami loading.